paeds Flashcards

Question

Resin-modified GI sealants are

Answer 1

* essentially GI sealants with resin components. This type of sealant has similar fluoride release properties as GI, but it has a longer working time and less water sensitivity than do traditional GI sealants.

Answer 2

Bis-GMA, Bis-DMA, Bis-EMA [Bis-GMA – bisphenol A diglycidyl dimethacrylate Bis-EMA – bisphenol A ethoxylated dimethacrylate Bis-DMA – bisphenol A dimethacrylate] , commonly used monomers in dentistry, are derivatives from bisphenol A (BPA). Small and transient increase in baseline BPA levels may be detected in patient’s urine and saliva following treatment with resin-based dental materials.

Answer 3

main source of BPA is believed to be the outer layer of sealants and resin composites that does not polymerize in the presence of oxygen. 1.Reading and following manufacturers’ instructions; 2. Ensuring proper curing light function (i.e. light intensity); 3. Reducing the distance between light curing tip and restoration surface; 4. Applying glycerin gel for the polymerization of the last resin layer; 5. Completing restorative material curing to help maximize the material’s monomer-to-polymer conversion. 6. by pt rinsing their mouths. 7. RDI

Answer 4

Starts with lower A 5mo-8mo -> upper A 6-10 mo +Lower B 7-10mo-> Upper B 8-12 mo -> U+L D 11-18mo --> U+L C 16-20mo -> U+L E 20-30mo No eruption until 5.5yrs

Answer 5

Mixed Dentition: followed by the loss of primary teeth and the eruption of permanent successors. L6 5-7yr --> upper 1st molar&lower central incisors 6-7yrs-> upper CI and L LatInc 7 -8yrs--> U LInc 8-9yrs--> L3 9-11 yrs--> U4 10-11yrs-> L4 and U5 10-12yrs--> L5 11-13yrs--> U3 11-12yrs -> U+L 7’s 12-14yrs --> 8’s 17-30 yrs Permanent Dentition: By age 12 to 13, most children have lost all their primary teeth, and the permanent teeth, excluding the third molars, have erupted. The third molars, or wisdom teeth, typically erupt between 17 and 21 years of age.

Answer 6

silver[main], tin and mercury

Answer 7

higher early compressive and tensile strength

Answer 8

paramyxovirus Primary Symptoms: High fever, cough, malaise,and a dark red, maculopapular rash that originates behind the ears and spreads to the rest of the body. Koplik's spots—tiny white spots on the buccal mucosa —are a key diagnostic indicator/pathognomonic. Koplik's spots can precede the rash and are useful for early diagnosis. Transmission: Highly contagious through respiratory droplets.

Answer 9

Mumps Virus Swelling of the parotid salivary glands-usually bilateral, but unilateral swelling can occur, which can cause pain and discomfort in the jaw and neck area, low-grade fever, malaise, headache, and possibly swelling of other salivary glands. Oral Impact: Dry mouth due to salivary gland involvement, difficulty swallowing-self limiting Transmission: Respiratory droplets and direct contact with saliva.

Answer 10

Rubella virus. fever; less commonly, enlarged lymph nodes. Conconfluent, pink, maculopapular rash, which, like measles, extends from behind the ears to the rest of the body.Forchheimer spots are tiny red spots on the soft palate in rubella. They sometimes precede the skin rash of rubella. self limiting as well Transmission: Respiratory droplets.

Answer 11

Roseola infantum (sixth disease)HHV-6 human herpes virus -6: Three days of high fever are followed by a sudden decrease in temperature and development of a patchy, rose-pink, macular rash. The rash originates on the trunk and neck, and may spread to the face and extremities in some cases.

Answer 12

varicella zoster virus (VZV) (chickenpox): The intensely pruritic rash affects the whole body. Characterized by sequential clusters of papules, vesicles, and pustules in various stages of development; which leads to the characteristic clinical finding known as “starry sky.” The rash may be preceded by a prodrome of constitutional symptoms.

Answer 13

low vitamin D can lead to soft bones- rickets in children and osteomalacia in adolescents and adults. Vit D essential for the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the diet-which are critical for the normal mineralization of tooth enamel and dentin.

Answer 14

HYPOmineralisation of systemic origin, presented as demarcated opacities , qualitative defects of enamel of one to 4 FPM w/w/o incisors involvement. Appear white, creamish, yellow or brown defects- assoc with PEB-post eruptive breakdown. prone to decay, sensitivity and esthetic issues + problems to anaesthesize, b'vioral mx prob, tooth loss, financial concerns.

Answer 15

mild - demarcated enamel opacities without PEB, induced sensitivity air/water, mild asthetic issue severe, breakdown and carious, spontaneous HS, strong esthetic concern may be seen in 2nd 1* molar and tips of permanent canine - predictor of MIH [localised] vs generalised in secc

Answer 16

Not fully understood SYSTEMIC AND MEDICAL H/O Pre natal period -medical issue/abx h/o / high fever -third trimester Perinatal - prolonged delivery/ induced delivery/ spontaneous vagina delivery/ Cesarean Post natal first 3 yrs of life - newborn- admitted ?/ VZV-chickenpox/ URI freq/ high fever Any insult during period cause MIH. MIH have genetic defect in Enam, amelix and MMP 20 Fluorosis - h/o of excessive fluoride ingestion when younger ; geographical area near hotspring, HIGH CONTENT OF FLUORIDE in water Enamel hypoplasia - h/o Trauma /localised abcess infection VS MIH with PEB -LACK VIT D -Def affect the development of teeth - affect calcium absorption -> in country lack of sunlight- eg in UK ->hypomineralised AI - hypomineralized, hypomaturation, hypoplastic -ask if same defect in primary dentition as permanent dentition -familial history - related to genetics WSL - early sign of caries - area of plaque is stagnant - proximal and cervical areas dt Poor OH+caries and high sugary diet

Answer 17

1.Associated with fluoride ingestion during enamel development and caries resistant. Presents as diffuse, linear, patchy/ confluent white opacities without a clear boundary bilaterally+symmetrical. 2.Quantitative developmental defect with reduced enamel thickness. Regular and smooth lesions. Often results in pre-eruptive enamel breakdown+increased caries risk. 3 Genetic condition resulting in enamel that is hypoplastic, hypomature, or hypomineralized. Affects both 1* and permanent teeth. Familial history often present. 4 Early sign of caries, appearing as chalky, matte or opaque than the adjacent sound enamel. Typically found near the cervical/proximal margin of the tooth. 5 Occurs due to trauma/PERIapical infection to the primary predecessor tooth, affecting the mineralisation of the permanent tooth. Presents uniquely in shape, outline, and color, often limited to one tooth and asymmetrical. 6. MIH with post-eruptive enamel breakdown are sharp and irregular due to post-eruptive shearing of weakened enamel; caries prone, assymetrical [vs fluorosis]; smooth cm2 vs WSL presentation.

Answer 18

Hard to anaesthesize because pulp v inflamed and hard to give LA + sensitive during filling/cleaning ; may hv acute pulpitis- better ID block and buccal block Lidocaine and articaine -> IADN -> NO DIFF ARTICAINE FOR INTRAOSSEOUS MORE EFFECTIVE and intradental and intraligament > profound Take PREEMPTIVE ANALGESIC N20 help reduce pain R dam isolate and reduce sensitivity during tx Suction, avoid high volume suction dt air stimulation Behaviour prob- kiv GA

Answer 19

Silver Diamine Fluoride [usually 38%] is composed of silver, fluoride, and ammonia. colorless/blue-tinted liquid with pH between 10 and 13 Silver acts as an antimicrobial ions disrupt membranes and inhibit DNA replication; fluoride promotes remineralization; ammonia stabilizes the solution for treating dentin sensitivity. Application: Requires professional application. Benefits of SDF: 1increase in mineral density of treated carious tissue. 2Cost-Efficiency: Significantly less expensive< atraumatic restorative tx (ART) but same efficacy. 4 Ease of Use: Simple application process, minimal training required. 5 Non-Invasive: Does not require removal of sound tooth tissue. 6 Restorative Compatibility: Does not impair bonding of glass ionomer cements; limited evidence on resin composite performance post-SDF application.

Answer 20

1 Caries Arrest: Effective in arresting caries in primary and permanent teeth. 2 Sensitivity Treatment 3 Special Populations: Useful for patients who are uncooperative or have limited access to care. 1 Permanent black staining of treated carious lesions,limits use in visible areas st silver ions. 2 Unpleasant metallic taste. 3 Tissue Irritation: Potential irritation to gingival and mucosal tissues if contacted. 2x/yr application

Answer 21

2019 systematic review found that once-yearly SDF application was more effective in preventing caries than more frequent application (i.e., 2 to 4 times yearly) of fluoride varnish. Add, FS perform better as SDF may need freq reapplication.

paeds Flashcards

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