Oral mucosa

Question 1

What are the tissues that make up the Mucous Membrane?

Answer 1

Epithelium and Connective Tissue (Lamina Propria + Submucosa (sometimes))

Question 2

Where are blood vessels of the mucous membrane found?

Answer 2

Lamina propria/submucosa

Question 3

Where are the salivary glands of the mucous membrane found?

Answer 3

Lamina propria and Submucosa (main location)

Question 4

What cells secrete beta-defensins in the mucous membrane?

Answer 4

Epithelial cells (but lamina propria is more responsible for immune cells

Question 5

What type of nerve cells does the oral mucosa contain?

Answer 5

A-beta, A-delta, and C. Mechanical/pain information, taste and thermal info

Question 6

What kind of cells make up oral epithelium?

Answer 6

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 7

What is the turnover time like for oral mucosa?

Answer 7

Fast - makes it more vulnerable to conditions that affect cell division (chemotherapy/radiotherapy)

Question 8

What is the most numerous type of cell in the epithelium?

Answer 8

Keratinocytes

Question 9

What other (non-keratinocyte) cells are found in the epithelium?

Answer 9

Melanocytes - pigment cells -basal layer; Langerhans (dendritic) cells - immune - supra basal layers; Merkel cells - sensory - basal layers

Question 10

When the cytoplasm of a cell appears clear in the basal epithelium, what cell is it?

Answer 10

Melanocyte

Question 11

When the cytoplasm of a cell appears clear in the supra basal epithelium, what cell is it?

Answer 11

Dendritic Cell/Langerhan cell

Question 12

What areas of the mouth are lined by Keratinized epithelium?

Answer 12

Gingiva, hard palate

Question 13

What areas of the mouth are lined by non-Keratinized epithelium?

Answer 13

Buccal mucosa, soft palate

Question 14

Why are all epithelial cells considere keratinocytes?

Answer 14

Because they contain cytokeratins

Question 15

What are cytokeratins?

Answer 15

Assemble into intermediate filaments to provide cytoskeletal support

Question 16

What are the two major groups of cytokeratins?

Answer 16

Type 1 (acidic) and Type 2 (basic

Question 17

Why are intermediate filaments good?

Answer 17

Strongest cytoskeletal element that resists mechanical force without breaking

Question 18

What cytokeratins are contained in the basal layer?

Answer 18

5 (both), 14 (both), 19 (non-keratinized only)

Question 19

What are membrane coating granules?

Answer 19

Membrane bound organelles filed with glycolipids. Serve as an intercellular barrier to aqueous substances

Question 20

Where do membrane coating granules first appear?

Answer 20

In upper prickle cell layers

Question 21

What is a cornified envelope?

Answer 21

15nm cross-linked protein sheath comprised of loricrin and other proteins which is a very tough replacement of the membrane.

Question 22

Tonofibrils are found in what type of epithelial cells?

Answer 22

Keratinized epithelium

Question 23

Tonofilaments are found in what type of epithelial cells?

Answer 23

Non-keratinized epithelium

Question 24

What cells are present in the lamina propria?

Answer 24

Fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, other inflammatory cells

Question 25

What is in the ECM of the lamina propria?

Answer 25

PG's and GAGs, Glycoproteins (fibronectin), Collagen (types I and III), Elastin

Question 26

What is the difference between tissues where type I and III collagen are found?

Answer 26

Type III more likely found where tissue needs to be able to stretch than type I

Question 27

What are the finger like projections of epithelium into the lamina propria called?

Answer 27

Rete pegs

Question 28

What are the finger like projections of lamina propria into the epithelium called?

Answer 28

Connective tissue papillae