Salivary glands flash

Question 1

What is the function of mucins in the saliva?

Answer 1

Responsible for lubricating the mucosal surface (aid in swallowing) and providing a protective barrier. Also important for trapping bacteria and sugar providing for their clearance.

Question 2

What is the function of bicarbonate in the saliva?

Answer 2

Buffering acids in the mouth

Question 3

What is the function of Proline-rich proteins in the saliva?

Answer 3

Binds calcium allowing for super saturation which contributes to remineralization.

Question 4

What is the function of statherin in the saliva?

Answer 4

Binds calcium allowing for super saturation which contributes to remineralization.

Question 5

What molecules contribute to the antimicrobial functions of saliva?

Answer 5

Lysozyme, peroxidase, defensins, histatins, and IgA.

Question 6

What is the function of growth factors in saliva?

Answer 6

Can aid in tissue repair (Epidermal growth factor and nerve growth factor)

Question 7

What is the function of amylase in saliva?

Answer 7

Dissolve starch

Question 8

What is the function of lipase in saliva?

Answer 8

Breaks down fats into free fatty acids and glycerol

Question 9

What is the function of water in the saliva?

Answer 9

Dissolves stimuli for transport to taste receptors.

Question 10

What is the normal daytime salivary flow rate?

Answer 10

.3-.4 ml/min

Question 11

What is the normal daytime salivary volume?

Answer 11

.8-1.1 ml

Question 12

What percentage saliva volume does the parotid gland contribute to the mouth?

Answer 12

60%

Question 13

What percentage saliva volume does the submandibular gland contribute to the mouth?

Answer 13

25%

Question 14

What percentage saliva volume does the sublingual gland contribute to the mouth?

Answer 14

7-8% each

Question 15

What secretes lingual lipase? What does it do?

Answer 15

Von Ebner’s glands (breaks down triglycerides into free fatty acids)

Question 16

The other minor salivary glands are the main source of what to the saliva?

Answer 16

Mucins

Question 17

What duct is connected to the parotid gland?

Answer 17

Stenson’s duct

Question 18

What duct is connected to the submandibular duct?

Answer 18

Whartons duct

Question 19

What duct is connected to the sublingual gland?

Answer 19

Barholin’s and Rivinus’s duct

Question 20

What does the work of a gland?

Answer 20

Parenchyma

Question 21

What are the supporting structures of a gland?

Answer 21

Stroma

Question 22

What makes up the Parenchyma in salivary glands?

Answer 22

Epithelium

Question 23

What makes up the Stroma in salivary glands?

Answer 23

Connective tissue

Question 24

What is the outer stroma of the salivary gland?

Answer 24

The capsule

Question 25

What is the inner stroma of the salivary gland?

Answer 25

The septa

Question 26

What is the secretory portion of the parenchyma?

Answer 26

Acini

Question 27

What is the order of ducts from smallest to largest?

Answer 27

Intercalated, Striated (Secretory), Collecting (excretory).

Question 28

When do the parotid glands develop?

Answer 28

Week 6 IU

Question 29

When do the submandibular glands develop?

Answer 29

Week 6 IU

Question 30

When do the sublingual and minor salivary glands develop?

Answer 30

Weeks 8-12 IU

Question 31

From where does the parenchyma develop?

Answer 31

Ectoderm or endoderm

Question 32

From where does the stroma develop?

Answer 32

Neural Crest Cells

Question 33

What process is responible for salivary gland clefting?

Answer 33

Suppression/redirection of ecadherin expression

Question 34

What is another molecule critical to the clefting process?

Answer 34

Cleftin

Question 35

What induces cleftin?

Answer 35

Fibronectin

Question 36

What are the two actions of cleftin?

Answer 36

INHIBITION OF E-CADHERIN, upregulation of snail2

Question 37

What do acini cells secrete? What are their tonicity?

Answer 37

Water, ions, proteins. Isotonic

Question 38

What do duct cells secrete/resorb? What are their tonicity?

Answer 38

Resorb Na+ Cl-, secrete bicarb and proteins; hypertonic

Question 39

What controls salivary secretion?

Answer 39

Neural control (In contrast to many other glands controlled by blood-borne hormones)

Question 40

What is the path of parasympathetic innervation of salivary glands?

Answer 40

Brainstem - 7th and 9th cranial nerves - synapse on post ganglionic neurons near gland

Question 41

What is the path of sympathetic innervation of salivary glands?

Answer 41

Originate in Intermediolateral nucleus of spinal cord - synapse in the superior cervical ganglion - supply glands

Question 42

What is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for in salivary glands?

Answer 42

Protein secretion.

Question 43

What is the parasympathetic nervous system responsible for in salivary glands?

Answer 43

Fluid secretion

Question 44

What do serous acinar cells secrete? What do they not secrete?

Answer 44

Amylase, PRP's. They do NOT secrete mucins in appreciable amounts

Question 45

What type of acinar cell has an oval nuclei pressed toward the base?

Answer 45

Mucous cell

Question 46

What do mucous cells secrete?

Answer 46

Mucins

Question 47

How are the secretory granules of serous and mucous secreting cells different?

Answer 47

In mucous cells secretory granules have mucins which are more pale staining than those of serous cells

Question 48

What is a myoepithelial cell?

Answer 48

Specialized epithelial cell with contractile properties.

Question 49

What type of duct is absent in minor salivary ducts?

Answer 49

Striated/secretory ducts

Question 50

Describe an intercalated duct cell

Answer 50

Cuboidal with a LARGE centrally placed nucleus

Question 51

What do striated duct cells do?

Answer 51

Reabsorb sodium and chloride forming a hypotonic solution (ATP dependent). Secrete bicarbonate

Question 52

How do striated duct differ from intercalated duct cells?

Answer 52

Striated duct cells have infoldings (striations) on their basal end and are much more elongated cells compared to the more round intercalated duct cells. Striated duct cells contain many mitochondria to power their ATP dependent resorption.