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Cellular Metabolism 1 > Oral nasal cavities > Flashcards

Oral nasal cavities Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

Infraorbital region

A

Bellow the orbital region

Between zygomatic and nasal region

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2
Q

Tubercle

A

Tip of upper lip

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3
Q

Outline of lip

A

Vermillion border (loose with age )

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4
Q

Corner of the mouth

A

Labial commissure

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5
Q

Facial cleft occur at

A

Any boundary btwn prominences

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6
Q

Placode thickening is induced by

A

It’s is the thinking of ectoderm

Induced by the brain

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7
Q

Nose is called

A

Nasal/olfactory placode

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8
Q

Medial and lateral prominences develop and form

A

Nasal pit

Ectodermal invagination

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9
Q

Nasal pit moves

A

Dorsally (makes a depression)

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10
Q

Medial and Lateral prominence merge to form

A

Nasal Sac
(Ectoderm)

Nasal Plug
(Epithelial plug that will degenerate)

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11
Q

Nasal placode swells

A

outward and surrounding the tissue will also swell making the nasal placode look sunk in `

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12
Q

Nasal sac and stomodeum ingvaginate

A

dorsally

both are ectodermaly lined

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13
Q

What happens week 5 in the nasal and oral cavity ?

A

oronassal membrane degrades

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14
Q

What happens in week 6 to the nasal and oral cavity ?

A

The two cavities join

Choanae: posterior nasal apartaures
primary palate

oral and nasal cavity total communication

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15
Q

Mekel’s cartilage

A

arch 1 (max and mand)

majority is associated with the mandible it does not ossify but rather signals for other cells to ossify. Only bone that directly come from mekel’s is malleus

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16
Q

What are the four sinuses

A

maxillary
ethmoid
frontal
sphenoid

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17
Q

Sinuses and nasal cavities form from

A

outgrowths of nasal cavity called Diverticulations

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18
Q

what are some functions of sinuses

A

give resonance of the voice
lighten the skull
humidifies air (helps)
buttresses: Nasomaxillary

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19
Q

Maxillary sinus form during

A

Late pregnancy

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20
Q

When does the frontal Sinus form?

A

Forms at 2 years old from Ethmoid sinus

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21
Q

when does ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses form?

A

form after birth

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22
Q

What humidifies air the most ?

A

nasal cavities

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23
Q

Nasal cavity histology (3) :

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with cilia

goblet cells- rest on the basement membrane

vascular lamina propria- warms the air

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24
Q

Paranasal sinuses histology differences

A

thinner than the nasal mucosa with fewer goblet cells

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25
Lamina propria
connective tissue with vasculature
26
Olfactory epithelium differences only in the superior part of nasal cavity
Bipolar olfactory nerve cells formed from ectoderm attach to olfactory blub
27
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
all cells rest on the basement membrane
28
Development of the lower face
within 4-5 weeks arch 1 two bulges form inferior to the stomatodeum
29
What is Meckel's cartilage
the cartilage of the first branchial arch associated with the formation of the mandible
30
6 weeks meckel's cartilage forms a
Rod surrounded by a fibrocellular capsule
31
Mandible formation
two Meckel's cartilage but do not meet at the midline separated by a thin line of cartilage called symphysis
32
what occurs on the lateral aspect of the symphysis in the mandible formation?
condensation of mesenchyme forms
33
At 7 weeks what kind of ossification forms the mandible bone ?
Intramembranous ossification in the mesenchyme
34
How does the ramus of the mandible develop ?
rapid ossification posteriorly into the mesenchyme of the first arch
35
How does the mandible form/ connect at mid line?
intamembranous ossification spreads anteriorly until midline. the bones do not fuse at midline --> mandibular symphysis forms (from Meckel's cartilage)
36
When does the mandible fully fuse ?
shortly after birth
37
Meckel's cartilage role is...
signals mesenchyme around it to ossify --> then the Meckel's cartilage disintegrates Meckel's cartilage does not ossify
38
What two structures directly come off from Meckel's cartilage?
1. posterior portion- malleus of the inner ear | 2. sphenomandibular ligament
39
Most of Meckel's cartilage is
resorbed entirely
40
Most anterior portion of Meckel's cartilage near the midline contributes to the jaw via ...
endochondral ossificaiton
41
Anterior Palate | Posterior Palate
Anterior Palate = hard palate | posterior palate= soft palate
42
Pterygomandibular fold/raphe
relax when swallowing large things goes from distal mandibular tooth to the area between the mandible and the point at which the hard and soft palates
43
When does the palate begin to form until when ?
Palate begins to form at 5-6 weeks until 12-13th week
44
Palate formation develops from two segments :
Primary Palate/Pre-maxilla Secondary Palate the will fuse together
45
Primary palate formation
Median Nasal Processes fuse and form: Intermaxillary Segments
46
Intermaxillary Segment
Forms from the Intermaxillary Segment then : Median Palatine process --> Fuses to form the primary palate ( hard palate)
47
What makes up the hard palate ?
1. Intermaxillary Segment ( which formed from the Median Nasal Processes) 2. Some of the lateral shelves
48
What makes up the secondary palate ?
Has some hard and some soft palate
49
What makes up the soft palate?
Lateral Shelves
50
Uvla?
Obstructs nasal cavity while swallowing ( Soft palate)
51
The oronasal cavity is bounded
anteriorly by the primary palate and occupied by the developing tongue
52
When can the the oral and nasal cavities be distinguished?
after the development if the secondary palate
53
Maxillary process form:
Lateral palatal processes ( **fuse from anterior to posterior)
54
What are the three outgrowths that appear in the oral cavity?
Nasal Septum | 2 palatine shelves
55
What need to get out of the way so that the palatine shelves can fuse (secondary palate formation)?
the tongue
56
The nasal septum grows? Encounters?
grows downward through the oral cavity | encounters the primary and secondary palates
57
When do nasal septum and shelves fuse ?
By the 12th week
58
Completion of Palate
1. Lataeral Palatal Shelves and Nasal septum for ventrally ( downward) 2. Posterior part of primary palate meets the secondary palate and gradually fuse 3. Mandibular growth releases tongue
59
What need to occur before the primary palate and the secondary palate fuse together ?
The tongue need to get out of the way
60
What releases the tongue?
Mandibular growth
61
Fusion of plate leaves space for the
Incisive Canal/Nasopalatine canal
62
Primary Palate goes from
Incisive Foreman to distal lateral incisors
63
Secondary Palate goes from and includes ...
Incisive foreman to Uvula ``` Includes: Maxilla Palatine bones Soft Palate Uvula ```
64
Cleft treatment options
soft tissue -corrective surgery | hard tissue - obturator, partial dentures (kiddy partials)
65
Development of tongue | From which arch?
Arch 1-Oral part of tongue (anterior 2/3) | Arch 3- Pharyngeal part of tongue (posterior 1/3)
66
Which arches do not contribute to the tongue ?
Arch 2- contribution to the surface is lost | Arch 4- epiglottis and adjacent regions
67
Germ cells of the tongue are:
Arch 1= anterior 2/3= ectoderm | Arch 3= posterior 1/3= endodermal
68
How does the anterior part of the tongue form?
lateral lingual swelling | median tongue bud (tuberculum impar)
69
How does the posterior part of the tongue form?
Copula/hypobranchial eminence
70
Where does the copula/ hypobranchial eminence form from?
2nd 3rd and 4th branchial arches
71
When the copula/hypobranchial eminence fuse it becomes ...
the adult terminal sulcus
72
Anterior 2/3 muscle formed from
occipital somites ( which migrate into the tongue area) External tongue muscle slide 37
73
What do the occipital somites form ?
( Anterior tongue muscles) Intrinsic muscles of the tongue longitudinal, vertical and transverse muscles 1 slide 37
74
What does the extrinsic tongue muscles form and attach to?
(Anterior tongue muscles) have one attachment outside of the tongue ``` Muscles: Palatoglossus Hyloglossus Styloglossus Genioglossus ```
75
Histology of the ventral side of tongue
lining mucosa | Non- keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
76
Histology of the dorsal surface of the tongue
1. Specialized mucosa (Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium) 2. Papillae 3. Taste Buds 4. Glands ( serous and mucous)
77
All papillae are extensions of the
nervous system that can sense chemicals
78
Circumvallate (vallate)
7-12 large domed papillae arranged in a v just anterior to the sulcus terminalis have taste buds
79
Foliate
(papillae) low parallel ridges on the lateral edge of tongue have taste buds
80
Fungiform
(Papillae) mushroom shaped papillae that look like small spots have taste buds
81
Filiform
(Papillae) smallest and most numerous papillae. Conical shape with highly keratinized epithelium no taste buds
82
Which papillae have taste buds
Circumvallate Foliate Fungiform Filiform
83
What are the types of Papillae
Circumvallate Foliate Fungiform Filiform
84
What Papillae does not have taste buds
Filiform
85
Hairy Tongue is due to
caused by fungal/ bacterial infection increased by dehydration, alcohol and tobacco

Cellular Metabolism 1 (12 decks)

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