Oral pathology

Question 1

What is dental attrition?

Answer 1

wearing of the occlusal surface of the teeth

Question 2

What happens during dental attrition?

Answer 2

dentin exposure and deposition of secondary dentin keeping pace with the loss of enamels hence no pulp exposure

Question 3

What is dental abrasion?

Answer 3

Wearing of enamel on non occlusal surface

Question 4

What can dental abrasion cause?

Answer 4

increased risk in crown fracture & pulp exposure

Question 5

What causes tooth fractures?

Answer 5

• due to chewing on hard objects
• can cause pulp exposure, pain, & abscess

Question 6

What needs to be done to tooth with pulp exposure?

Answer 6

endodontics or extraction

Question 7

What is slab fracture?

Answer 7

when slice of crown is separated from the side of the tooth (often expose pulp cavity)

Question 8

What teeth does slab fracture often occur on?

Answer 8

carnassial teeth (4th upper premolars)

Question 9

Common site for tooth root abscess

Answer 9

maxillary carnassial teeth

Question 10

What is tooth root abscess usually the result of?

Answer 10

endodontic diseases

Question 11

What can tooth root abscess become if untreated?

Answer 11

lead to osteomyelitis or cellulitis with fistulous tracts to skin or mucous

Question 12

Treatment for tooth root abscess

Answer 12

extraction or root canal

Question 13

What causes dental caries?

Answer 13

when bacteria on tooth surface ferment carbohydrates to form acids which causes demineralization of the teeth

Question 14

most common site for dental caries on dogs

Answer 14

maxillary 1st molar of large dog breeds

Question 15

treatment for dental caries

Answer 15

extraction

Question 16

What causes pulpitis

Answer 16

mechanical trauma to tooth causing inflammation of the pulp

Question 17

How can we identify pulpitis?

Answer 17

discolouration of the pulp

Question 18

Treatment for pulpitis

Answer 18

• young animal can potentially recover from this but requires monitoring
• adult: root canal or extraction

Question 19

What can malocclusion cause?

Answer 19

• trauma to teeth
• trauma to soft tissue
• advancing periodontal disease
• difficulty prehending food
• appearance

Question 20

Treatment for malocclusion

Answer 20

• regular dental cleaning
• extraction of teeth that are causing problems
• orthodontics

Question 21

What causes retained deciduous teeth

Answer 21

• lack of permanent tooth at site
• ankylosis of deciduous tooth to alveolus
• failure of permanent crown to contact deciduous root

Question 22

When are incisors considered as retained?

Answer 22

3 months

Question 23

When are deciduous canines considered as retained?

Answer 23

6-7 months

Question 24

Why are retained deciduous teeth considered problematic?

Answer 24

• trap food & debris leading to local periodontal disease
• prone to breakage due to width of pulp cavity
• can lead to malocclusion

Question 25

What will ensure safe extraction retained deciduous teeth

Answer 25

creating gingival flap to ensure that roots do not break during extraction

Question 26

What causes dentigerous cysts?

Answer 26

cyst formation arise from the soft tissues attached to the crown of an unerupted tooth

Question 27

What to do to prevent dentigerous cysts?

Answer 27

extraction of unerupted teeth

Question 28

What are some options for dental home cares?

Answer 28

• chews
• water additives/ rinse/ gel
• pet toothpaste

Question 29

How does VOHC certify dental products?

Answer 29

• test products over a minimum of 4 weeks period
• shown to clinically reduce plaque & tartar

Question 30

Tips to brush teeth

Answer 30

• use circular motion
• hold the brush at 45 degree angle