Organ Systems

Question 1

Yellow bone marrow

Answer 1

fat cells & energy storage

Question 2

Sensory neurons

Answer 2

S-ensory
A-fferent
D-orsal

Question 3

Motor neurons

Answer 3

M-otor
E-fferent
V-entral

Question 4

What part of the cycle is estrogen lowest?

Answer 4

Menstruation

Question 5

What phase are ova held in until puberty?

Answer 5

Prophase I

Question 6

At what point is an embryo considered a fetus?

Answer 6

9 weeks

Question 7

Where do T-cells mature?

Answer 7

Thymus (born in bone)

Question 8

Osteoclasts

Answer 8

Clasts Cleave Calcium

degrade bone, send calcium into blood

Question 9

Osteoblasts

Answer 9

Blasts Build Bone

Question 10

Starling forces

Answer 10

hydrostatic & oncotic pressure between Bowman’s space & glomerulus

Net flow from glomerulus into Bowman’s

Largest pressure = hydrostatic of Glomerulus into Bowmans

Question 11

Aldosterone acts on the..

Answer 11

Distal convoluted tubule
&
Collecting duct

Question 12

ADH acts on the…

Answer 12

Collecting duct

Question 13

Aldosterone DIRECTLY increases…

Answer 13

sodium reabsorption

Question 14

Aldosterone INdirectly increases…

Answer 14

water reabsorption

K+, H+ excretion

Question 15

ADH increases…

Answer 15

water permeability of collecting duct to reabsorb more water

Question 16

atrial natriuretic hormone

Answer 16

Blocks aldosterone, angio II, ADH

Decreases blood vol & BP

Question 17

Angio II

Answer 17

vasoconstricts
increases HR
tells adrenal to secrete aldosterone

Question 18

Adrenal cortex zones

Answer 18

(sex) Reticularis
(sugar) Fasciculata
(salt) Glomerulosa

Question 19

Adrenal medulla secretes..

Answer 19

epi & norepi

Question 20

What is reabsorbed from the descending loop?

Answer 20

Water - filtrate is descending into area of increasing concentration, so it becomes hypotonic to its surroundings and water is pushed out into vasa recta

Question 21

What is reabsorbed from the ascending loop?

Answer 21

Na+ and Cl- filtrate is ascending into area of decreasing concentration, so it becomes hypertonic to its surroundings and na/cl ions are pushed out into vasa recta

Question 22

How are ions reabsorbed from the thick ascending/diluting segment?

Answer 22

active transport with mitochondria

Question 23

Smooth muscle is..

Answer 23

uni-nucleated
non-striated
ANS/involuntary

Question 24

Cardiac muscle is…

Answer 24

1-2 nuclei
striated
ANS/involuntary

Question 25

Skeletal muscle is...

Answer 25

multi-nucleated striated voluntary

Question 26

What type of muscle can be myogenic?

Answer 26

Both smooth & cardiac

Question 27

Red muscle

Answer 27

slow twitch, more myoglobin & mitochondria

Question 28

White muscle

Answer 28

fast twitch, less myoglobin

Question 29

How do steroid hormones cross the cell membrane?

Answer 29

Freely diffuse - they are cholesterol derivatives

Question 30

Sympathetic response on vessels

Answer 30

vasodilates AND vasoconstricts (just different parts of the body)

Question 31

Epidermis layers

Answer 31

``` Come (corneum) Let's (lucidum) Get (granulosum) Sun (spinosum) Burned (basale) ```

Question 32

Dermis layers

Answer 32

Papillary (loose) | Reticular (dense)

Question 33

Glucagon does what to blood glucose?

Answer 33

increases + upregulates gluconeogenesis

Question 34

What main enzyme is in the stomach? What pH does it function best at?

Answer 34

Pepsin | pH 2

Question 35

What main enzyme is in the duodenum? What pH does it function best at?

Answer 35

Aminopeptidase | pH 8

Question 36

Brown adipose tissue contains lots of what organelle? What is it used for?

Answer 36

mitochondria | thermogenesis

Question 37

What part of adipocytes are lipid droplets stored in?

Answer 37

smooth ER