Organelle / Transport Quiz Flashcards
(32 cards)
Difference between osmosis and diffusion:
Osmosis refers specifically to the movement of water, whereas diffusion refers to the movement of any type of molecules
Plant cell submerged into very hypotonic solution, what happens?
The cell will become turgid (cell becomes swollen/filled with water)
What happens when distilled water is transferred directly into a person’s vein, after losing blood?
The person’s red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells
Where is cristae found and what is it?
Cristae are the folds found in the mitochondria
What replaces the nucleus in prokaryotic cells?
The nucleoid region
A protein that forms an ion channel through a membrane is most likely:
A transmembrane protein
Which type of organelle/structure is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils, phospholipids, and steroids?
Smooth ER
Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?
Proteins
What structure is common to plant and animal cells?
Mitochondrion
Boundary of cell that is made of phospholipids:
Cell membrane
4 structures found in plant, animal, and bacterial cells:
DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cell membrane
Mitochondrion function:
Bean-shaped organelle filled with folded membranes / breaks down glucose to release energy for cell functions
Cell wall function:
A strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
Cell membrane function:
A thin flexible outer layer that protects and surrounds the cell. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell (selective permeable)
Nucleus function:
Contains the cell’s genetic material and controls the cells activities
Nucleolus function:
Where the assembly of ribosomes begins; found in the nucleus
Ribosomes function:
Small particles in the cell where proteins are made/assembled; attached or free floating
Nuclear envelope function:
Double-membrane layer that surrounds the nucleus of a cell
Nuclear pore function:
A tiny hole in the membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a cell; allows material to move in and out of the nucleus
Chromosome function:
A threadlike structure in the nucleus that contains the genetic information that is passed on from one generation to the next
Golgi apparatus function:
A stack of membranes that modify, sort, and package proteins and lipidsfor delivery to targeted destinations
Mitochondria function:
Where cellular respiration occurs; involves the conversion of chemical energy in foods to chemical energy in ATP
Cytoskeleton function:
A network of protein filaments to help the cell maintain its shape and help the cell with movement
Smooth ER function:
Involved in the synthesis of lipids, oils, phospholipids, and steroids
