organelles Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is the function of the cell wall?
Provides support, maintains shape, and protects the cell
The cell wall is a rigid, inflexible barrier found in plant cells and some prokaryotes.
What is the primary role of the plasma membrane?
Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell and maintains homeostasis
The plasma membrane is a flexible, fluid boundary that surrounds the cell.
What is the cytoskeleton?
Forms a framework for the cell and anchors and supports organelles
The cytoskeleton is made up of a network of long, thin protein fibers.
What are centrioles involved in?
Helps in cell movement and division
Centrioles are groups of long, hollow protein cylinders.
What is an organelle?
A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function
Organelles are essential for carrying out various cellular processes.
What is the function of the nucleus?
Directs all processes and contains genetic material for protein production and cell division
The nucleus is a porous sac surrounded by a double membrane.
What is the role of mitochondria?
Makes energy available for the rest of the cell
Mitochondria have two membranes with a highly folded inner membrane.
What do chloroplasts do?
Capture light energy and convert it to glucose through photosynthesis
Chloroplasts are double-membrane organelles with small stacks that contain chlorophyll.
What is the primary function of ribosomes?
Serves as the site of protein synthesis
Ribosomes are made of two subunits composed of RNA and protein.
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Modifies and packages proteins for distribution outside the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum is the site of protein synthesis
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?
Modifies and packages proteins for distribution outside the cell
The Golgi apparatus consists of flattened stacks of tubular membranes.
What is the function of lysosomes?
Breaks down excess, worn out, or dangerous substances
Lysosomes are membrane-bound sacs containing digestive enzymes.
What is a vacuole?
Temporarily stores materials in the cell
Vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs that can store various substances.
