organic chem dont know Flashcards
1
Q
alkane + halogen
A
> bromoethane + halogen bromine
UV light
SUBSTITUTION
2
Q
alkane
A
saturated hydrocarbon
C-C
CnH2n+2
3
Q
alkane oxidation (and limiting O2)
A
> CO2 +H2O
limiting O2 > CO/ C + H2O
4
Q
alkane cracking
A
600-700°C
alumina/ silica
alkane > short chain alkane + alkene
5
Q
why cracking
A
- demand for short chain (more uses)
- supply of long chain (more than used = surplus)
- alkenes make polymers
- short alkanes more flammable
6
Q
alkene and halogen
A
> dibromoethane
room temp
ADDITION
bromine water orange > colourless
7
Q
alkene hydration to make alcohol
A
alkene + steam > alcohol
60-70atm
300°C
phosphoric catalyst
8
Q
making ethanol
A
- ethene + steam
- fermentation of glucose
9
Q
alcohols
A
-OH
CnH2n+1OH
10
Q
ethanol oxidisation methods
A
- burning in air
- microbial oxidation
- heat with potassium dichromate in sulphuric acid (orange>green)
11
Q
ethanol uses
A
- fuels (biofuel)
- solvent - perfumes/ varnishes
- alcoholic drinks
12
Q
ethene + steam benefits
A
- continuous
- low labour
- fast
- pure
13
Q
fermentation of glucose benefits
A
- little energy
- renewable
- low cost
14
Q
ethanoic acid
A
vinegar - weak
CH3COOH
15
Q
make carboxylic acids
A
oxidation of alcohols
alcohol + oxygen > carboxylic acid + water
