Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What are the Prefixes for Main Chain or Parent Chain Alkanes?

Answer 1

1 carbon = meth

2 carbon = eth

3 carbon = prop

4 carbon = but

5 carbon = pent

6 carbon = hex

7 carbon = hept

8 carbon = ox

9 carbon = nona

10 carbon = deca

Question 2

Name the two branches in alkane nomenclature?

Answer 2

CH₃ - methyl

C₂H₅ - ethyl

CH₂ - propyl

Question 3

Nomenclature of Alkanes

Answer 3

1. Longest main chain
2. When you go left to right and right to left see which way gives the lowest number for the branches
3. If there is more than one of the same branch you need to add the following prefixes: di for 2, tri for 3 and tetra for 4.
4. Arrange in alphabetical order for branches
5. For halogen branches do same thing but it becomes flouro, bromo, choro etc

Question 4

How to Write the Names of Alkanes

Answer 4

lowest number of where the branches are - [prefix if there is more than one} name of branch and name of alkane main chain depending on the length of the chain

Note: if there’s more than one type of branch repeat the first part for the second type

Second Note: For halogens it is basically the same process but you put the name of the halogen where the branch names usually are.