organic chemistry Flashcards
(40 cards)
inorganic compunds
Does NOT contain Carbon(C) & Hydrogen(H)
Organic
Contains (BOTH) Carbon(C) and Hydrogen(H)
4 Types of Organic Compounds
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Elements: C,H, O: ratio of C 1: H2: 10
Carbohydrates: Polar or Nonpolar?
Polar, so most dissolve in water.
Functions of carbohydrates
quick energy, storage, structure
Saccharide Bond
Bonds between carbohydrates
Monosaccharide
Monomers (building blocks) of carbs; simple sugars
Examples of Monosaccharide
Fructose, Galactose, Glucose (C6H1206)
Glucose
C6H12O6 produced by plants during photosynthesis
Examples of Disaccharides
Lactose, Maltose, Sucrose
Examples of Polysaccharides
Cellulose, Chitin, Glycogen, Starch
Cellulose
Found in plant cells walls for structure
Glycogen
Glucose is stored in the liver of mammals in this form
Starch
Glucose is stored in the roots of plants; important food source
lipids
elements: C,H,O but fewer Oxygens than Carbs
Functions of Lipids
Cushion, insulation, long-term energy storage, and protection
chitin
found in the exoskeleton of arthropods for structure
Examples of Lipids
Cholesterol, Phopholipids, sterols, triglycerides
Lipids: Polar of Nonpolar?
Non-polar, so they do NOT dissolve in water
Monomers(building blocks) of Trifly cerides
Glycerol & three fatty acids
saturated fatty acids
solid at room temperature; single bonds; animal fats
unsaturated fatty acids
liquid at room temperature
phospholipids
the cell membrane (plasma membrane) contain