Organic Chemistry Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is Crude Oil?
a mixture of hydrocarbons formed over millions of years underground. It is
separated out using fractional distillation.
What are some examples of refinery gases?
Bottled gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil, bitumen
What type of fuel is gasoline primarily used for?
Cars
What is kerosene commonly used as?
Aircraft fuel
What vehicles use diesel as fuel?
Cars, lorries, buses
What is fuel oil used for?
Ships, power stations
What is bitumen primarily used for?
Roads & roofs
What are small molecules characterized by?
Low boiling point, very volatile, flows easily, ignites easily
What are large molecules characterized by?
High boiling point, not very volatile, does not flow easily, does not ignite easily
Fill in the blank: Small molecules have a _______ boiling point.
Low
True or False: Large molecules ignite easily.
False
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound containing carbon and hydrogen only
Hydrocarbons are the simplest organic compounds.
What is a homologous series?
A group of chemicals where all members share the same general formula
This concept helps in understanding the relationship between different compounds.
Name two examples of hydrocarbons.
- Alkanes
- Alkenes
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, while alkenes are unsaturated.
Fill in the blank: A hydrocarbon is a compound containing _______ and hydrogen only.
carbon
True or False: All members of a homologous series have different general formulas.
False
All members share the same general formula.
What is an isomer?
Compounds with the SAME MOLECULAR formula but different structural formulas.
Example: Compounds with the formula C4H10 but different structures.
What do hydrocarbons produce when they burn completely in oxygen?
Carbon dioxide and water.
This process is known as complete combustion.
What occurs during incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons?
Carbon monoxide and water are produced.
Incomplete combustion happens when oxygen levels are low.
Fill in the blank: When hydrocarbons burn COMPLETELY in oxygen, they produce _______.
carbon dioxide and water.
True or False: Isomers have different molecular formulas.
False.
Isomers have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.
What is produced during incomplete combustion when oxygen levels are low?
Carbon monoxide and water.
