organic chemistry Flashcards
(21 cards)
what is meant by the term isomer
same molecular formula but atoms are arranged differently, therefore their structural formulae is different
what is the general formula for alkanes
CnH2n+2
what is cracking
splitting up long chain hydrocarbons
what is cracking an example of
thermal decomposition
what does cracking produce
alkenes
what is the general formula for alkenes
CnH2n
what are the first 3 alkenes
ethene C2H4
propene C3H6
butene C4H8
when something is oxidised what does it gain
oxygen
what are polymers
polymers are substances of high average relative molecular mass made by joining up lots of monomers.
what is acid rain caused by
sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide
what does incomplete combustion produce
toxic carbon monoxide
how are compounds in crude oil separated
fractional distillation
what crude oil as high boiling points
longer hydrocarbons
shorter have lower
what do saturated hydrocarbons contain
single bonds between carbon atoms
what do unsaturated hydrocarbons contain
double bonds between carbon atoms
what are the first 5 alkanes
methane - ch4 ethane - c2h6 propane- c3h8 butane- c4h10 pentane- c5h12
what are the first 4 alkenes
ethene c2h4
properene c3h6
butene c4h8
pentene c5h10
what is the general formula for alkanes
CnH2n+2
what is the general formula for alkenes
CnH2n`
what do compounds homologous series have in common
similiar chemical properties - functional group
alkanes with hydrocarbons
why are long chain hydrocarbons broken up
as short are in more demand
