Organic reaction equations

Question 1

Alkene + Halogen =

Answer 1

Alkene + Halogen ⟶ Dihaloalkane

Question 2

Alkane + Halogen +

Answer 2

Alkane + halogen ⟶ Haloalkane + HX

Question 3

Alkene + H₂ =

Answer 3

Alkene + H₂ ⟶ Alkane

Question 4

Alkene + Hydrogen Halide =

Answer 4

Alkene + Hydrogen Halide ⟶ Haloalkane

Question 5

Alkene + H₂O (g) ⇌

Answer 5

Alkene + H₂O (g) ⇌ Alcohol

Question 6

Alcohol + Halide ion =

Answer 6

Alcohol + Halide ion ⟶ Haloalkane + OH-

Question 7

Dehydration of an Alcohol =

Answer 7

Alcohol ⟶ Alkene + water (Dehydration)

Question 8

Alcohol + Oxygen =

Answer 8

Alcohol + Oxygen ⟶ Carbon Dioxide + water

Question 9

Primary Alcohol + [O] ⟶ (Distillation)

Answer 9

Primary Alcohol + [O] ⟶ Aldehyde + Water

Question 10

Primary Alcohol + 2[O] ⟶ (Reflux)

Answer 10

Primary Alcohol + 2[O] ⟶ Carboxylic Acid + water

Question 11

Secondary Alcohol + [O] ⟶

Answer 11

Secondary Alcohol + [O] ⟶ Ketone + water

Question 12

Haloalkane + OH⁻ ⟶

Answer 12

Haloalkane + OH⁻ ⟶ Alcohol + X⁻

Question 13

Benzene + NO₂ ⁺ ⟶

Answer 13

Benzene + NO₂ ⁺ ⟶ Nitrobenzene + H⁺

Question 14

Benzene + Halogen ⟶

Answer 14

Benzene + Halogen ⟶ Halobenzene + HX

Question 15

Benzene + Haloalkane ⟶

Answer 15

Benzene + Haloalkane ⟶ Alkylbenzene + HX

Question 16

Benzene + Acyl chloride ⟶

Answer 16

Benzene + Acyl chloride ⟶ Phenylketone + HCl

Question 17

Phenol + HNO₃ ⟶

Answer 17

Phenol + HNO₃ ⟶ Nitrophenol + water

Question 18

Phenol + Bromine ⟶

Answer 18

Phenol + Bromine ⟶ Bromophenol + HBr

Question 19

Phenol + NaOH ⟶

Answer 19

Phenol + NaOH ⟶ Sodiumphenoxide + water
Phenol + Na ⟶ Sodiumphenoxide + H₂

Question 20

Aldehyde + 2[H] ⟶

Answer 20

Aldehyde + 2[H] ⟶ Primary Alcohol

Question 21

Ketone + 2[H] ⟶

Answer 21

Ketone + 2[H] ⟶ Secondary alcohol

Question 22

Carbonyl + Hydrogen Cyanide ⟶

Answer 22

Carbonyl + Hydrogen Cyanide ⟶ Hydroxynitrile

Hydroxynitrile = molecule with OH and CN group

Question 23

Carboxylic acid + Metal ⟶

Answer 23

Carboxylic acid + Metal ⟶ Salt + H₂(g)

Question 24

Carboxylic acid + Metal Carbonate ⟶

Answer 24

Carboxylic acid + Metal Carbonate ⟶ Salt + H₂O + CO₂

Question 25

Carboxylic acid + Alkali ⟶

Answer 25

Carboxylic acid + Alkali ⟶ Salt + water Alkali = metal hydroxide

Question 26

Carboxylic acid + Metal Oxide ⟶

Answer 26

Carboxylic acid + Metal Oxide ⟶ Salt + water

Question 27

Carboxylic acid + SOCl₂ ⟶

Answer 27

Carboxylic acid + SOCl₂ ⟶ Acyl Chloride + HCl + SO₂

Question 28

Acyl Chloride + Alcohol ⟶

Answer 28

Acyl Chloride + Alcohol ⟶ Ester + HCl

Question 29

Acyl Chloride + phenol ⟶

Answer 29

Acyl Chloride + phenol ⟶ Ester + HCl

Question 30

Acyl Chloride + Water ⟶

Answer 30

Acyl Chloride + Water ⟶ Carboxylic acid + HCl Vigorous reaction with cold water

Question 31

Acyl Chloride + Ammonia ⟶

Answer 31

Acyl Chloride + Ammonia ⟶ Primary Amide + HCl In the lab: HCl reacts with NH₃: produce NH₄Cl

Question 32

Acyl Chloride + Amine ⟶

Answer 32

Acyl Chloride + Amine ⟶ Secondary Amide + HCl Use a primary amine

Question 33

Alcohol + Carboxylic acid ⟶

Answer 33

Alcohol + Carboxylic acid ⟶ Ester + Water

Question 34

Alcohol + Acid Anhydride ⟶

Answer 34

Alcohol + Acid Anhydride ⟶ Ester + carboxylic Acid Acid anhydride = 2 carboxylic acid molecules slow: speed up by warming

Question 35

Ester + water ⇌

Answer 35

Ester + water ⇌ Carboxylic acid + alcohol

Question 36

Ester + Alkali ⟶

Answer 36

Ester + Alkali ⟶ Carboxylate salt + alcohol

Question 37

Amine + Acid ⟶

Answer 37

Amine + Acid ⟶ Ammonium salt

Question 38

Ammonia + Haloalkane ⟶

Answer 38

Ammonia + Haloalkane ⟶ Primary Aliphatic Amine + NH₄X Nucleophilic substitution excess ethanol ammonia used forms a primary aliphatic (no benzene) amine

Question 39

Primary Amine + Haloalkane ⟶

Answer 39

Primary Amine + Haloalkane ⟶ Secondary Aliphatic Amine + NH₄X Nucleophilic substitution Substitution continues: get a mixture of primary, secondary + tertiary amines + quaternary ammonium salts (separate by fractional distillation)

Question 40

Nitrobenzene + 6[H] ⟶

Answer 40

Nitrobenzene + 6[H] ⟶ Phenylamine + 2H₂O