Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CHEMISTRY > Organic Reactions > Flashcards

Organic Reactions Flashcards

(43 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Ethanoyl Chloride + water

Describe the reaction and give the products

A

Ethanoic acid + HCl

Vigorous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acyl chloride + alcohol

Give the products and describe the reaction

A

Ester + HCl

Goes to completion unlike COOH + OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Propanoyl chloride + conc. ammonia solution

Give the products and describe the reaction

A

Propanamide + HCl

Room temperature, violent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How would you form a chloroalkane from an alcohol?

A

PCl5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Reaction of acyl chloride + amine

A

N-substituted amide + HCl

Violent reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Amine + acid —>

A

Ammonium salt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CH3CH2NH2 + HCl –>

A

CH3CH2NH3+Cl- (salt)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How would you form a secondary amine?

A

Primary amine + halogenoalkane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ethanoyl chloride + phenylamine –>

A

Two reactions:

N-phenylethanamide + HCl

then:

Phenylamine + HCl –> Phenylammonium chloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Equation for the combustion of ethanol

A

C2H5OH + 3O2 –> 2CO2 + 3H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why does the reaction between PCl5 and an alcohol not need heating?

A

The reaction is very vigorous at room temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two inorganic products formed from the reaction of PCl5 and an alcohol?

A

Phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) and Hydrogen chloride (HCl)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give the equation for the reaction between PCl5 and propan-1-ol

A

CH3CH2CH2OH + PCl5 –> CH3CH2CH2Cl +

                                                    POCl3 + HCl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How would you chlorinate a tertiary alcohol?

A

Add conc. HCl at room temperature, shake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How would you brominate an alcohol?

A

Warm with a mixture of potassium bromide and 50% concentrated sulfuric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give the three equations for the bromination of butan-1-ol

A

KBr + H2SO4 –> KHSO4 + HBr

2KBr + H2SO4 –> K2SO4 + 2HBr

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH + HBr –>

                                      CH3CH2CH2CH2Br +H2O
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Write the equation for the formation of the reactant that reacts with an alcohol to form an iodoalkane

A

2P + 3I2 –> 2PI3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What would you use in the iodination of an alcohol?

Study These Flashcards
A

A mixture of red phosphorus and iodine, heat under reflux

19
Q

Give the equation for the reaction between ethanol and phosphorus(III) iodide

Study These Flashcards
A

3C2H5OH + PCl3 –> 3C2H5I + H3PO3

20
Q

What is H3PO3?

Study These Flashcards
A

Phosphonic acid (or phosphorous acid)

21
Q

What is formed in the dehydration of an alcohol?

22
Q

What is the inorganic product of a dehydration reaction of an alcohol?

23
Q

What do you react alcohols with to dehydrate them?

Study These Flashcards
A

Conc. phosphoric acid

24
Q

What are the two possible products of the dehydration of butan-1-ol?

Study These Flashcards
A

But-1-ene and But-2-ene

25
When butan-2-ol is dehydrated, there is more than one organic product. Explain why there is only one pair of E/Z isomers when pentan-3-ol is dehydrated
It is symmetrical so the double bond can only form between the second and third carbon whereas in butan-2-ol the double bond could form between the first and second carbon or the second and third carbon
26
What type of solution do small amines form when dissolved in water?
An alkaline solution -the amine takes a H+ ion from water forming alkyl ammonium ions and OH- ions
27
RCOOH + PCl5 -->
RCOCl + POCl3 + HCl
28
RCOOH ----> RCH2OH
LiAlH4 in dry ether
29
CH3COOH + NaOH -->
CH3COONa + H2O
30
2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 ---> How could you test for a reaction?
2CH3COONa + H2O + CO2 Use limewater
31
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 -->
CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
32
Are carboxylic acids soluble in water?
- Shorter chained ones are as they are very polar and form hydrogen bonds with the water molecules - solubility decreases as the length of the chain increases as they have stronger intermolecular forces between - if these stronger intermolecular forces are stronger than hydrogen bonding with water would be then the carboxylic acid won't dissolve
33
a) Explain why propanoic acid behaves as an acid but propanol does not b) Describe a simple test to distinguish between propanol and propanoic acid
a) Propanoic acid partially dissociates in water to release H+ ions. Propanol doesn't b) Add sodium carbonate. Propanoic acid will cause fizzing of bubbles of CO2. Propanol will show no reaction
34
What is needed in the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol? What is formed?
Heat, acid catalyst An ester
35
How would you retrieve the ester formed from the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol? Why would you have to do it this way?
- The reaction is reversible - Product must be separated as it forms - Use distillation as the apparatus for the reaction - Add sodium carbonate to react with any acid still present in the mixture - The ester will form on top of the aqueous layer and can be separated using a separating funnel
36
What type of reaction is the reaction between amine and ethanoyl chloride?
Addition-elimination -Two molecules join together, a small molecule is then eliminated
37
Amine + halogenoalkane -->
Secondary amine + hydrogen halide
38
CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2 + CH3CH2Cl -->
CH3CH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH3 + HCl
39
What are the problems of reacting an amine with a halogenoalkane?
Forms a secondary amine that then can react with more halogenoalkane to produce a tertiary amine which will then react to form a quaternary salt
40
What is the solubility of amines like?
Very soluble but solubility decreases as the chain length increases Form hydrogen bonds with the water
41
Functional group of an amide
RCONH2
42
Why would there be two reactions when an acyl chloride is reacted with conc. aqueous ammonia?
CH3CH2COCl + NH3 --> CH3CH2CONH2 + HCl NH3 will react with HCl to form NH4Cl
43
How would you form a primary amine from a nitrile?
Use LiAlH4 in dry ether CH3CN + 4[H] --> CH3CH2NH2

CHEMISTRY (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions