Organic Synthesis

Question 1

Acyl chloride to ester

Answer 1

Reagent:Specific alcohol ROH
Conditions:—-
Reaction type:nucleophilic addition elimination

Question 2

Ester to alcohol

Answer 2

Reagent:H2SO4 or NaOH
Conditions:Reflux
Reaction type:Hydrolysis

Question 3

Alcohol to ester

Answer 3

Reagent:Carboxylic acid RCOOH
Conditions:Reflux conc H2SO4 catalyst
Reaction type: Esterification

Question 4

Alcohol to keytone

Answer 4

Reagent:(secondary alcohol)H2S04 & acidified K2CrO7
Conditions:Reflux
Reaction type:Oxidation

Question 5

Ketone to alcohol

Answer 5

Reagent:NaBH4
Conditions:aqueous
Reaction type:Nucleophilic addition

Question 6

Ester to carboxylic acid

Answer 6

Reagent:H2SO4(aq)
Conditions:Reflux
Reaction type:hydrolysis

Question 7

Carboxylic acid to ester

Answer 7

Reagent:ROH alcohol
Conditions:reflux conc.H2SO4 cat
Reaction type:Esterification

Question 8

Alcohol to aldehyde

Answer 8

Reagent:H2SO4 & K2Cr2O7
Conditions:distillation
Reaction type:oxidation

Question 9

Aldehyde to alcohol

Answer 9

Reagent:NaBH4
Conditions:aqueous
Reaction type:nucleophilic addition

Question 10

Aldehyde to carboxylic acid

Answer 10

Reagent:H2SO4 & K2Cr2O7
Conditions:Reflux
Reaction type:oxidation

Question 11

Alcohol to carboxylic acid

Answer 11

Reagent:(1” alcohol) acidified potassium dichromate
Conditions:reflux
Reaction type:oxidation

Question 12

Halogeno-alkane to alcohol

Answer 12

Reagent:NaOH or KOH
Conditions:warm aq
Reaction type: nucleophilic substitution

Question 13

Alkene to alcohol

Answer 13

Reagent:H2O(steam)
Conditions:conc H3PO4 cat
Night T & P
Reaction type: hydration

Question 14

Alcohol to Alkene

Answer 14

Reagent:conc H2SO4
Conditions:Heat
Reaction type:Elimination

Question 15

Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

Answer 15

Reagent:H2O
Conditions:—-
Reaction type:Nucleophilic addition elimination

Question 16

Acid anhydride to primary amide

Answer 16

Reagent:NH3
Conditions:—-
Reaction type:Nucleophilic addition elimination

Question 17

Halogeno-alkane to primary amine

Answer 17

Reagent:NH3
Conditions:Excess NH3 in ethanol, heat
Reaction type: nucleophilic substitution

Question 18

Primary amine to secondary amine

Answer 18

Reagent:R-X
Conditions:heat
Reaction type: Nucleophilic substitution

Question 19

Secondary amine to tertiary amine

Answer 19

Reagent:R-X
Conditions:heat
Reaction type: Nucleophilic substitution

Question 20

Primary amine to secondary amide

Answer 20

Reagent:Acyl chloride
Conditions:—-
Reaction type:Nucleophilic addition elimination

Question 21

Halogino-alkane to nitrile

Answer 21

Reagent:KCN or NaCN
Conditions:in aq ethanol
Reaction type:Nucleophilic substitution

Question 22

Nitrile to amine

Answer 22

Reagent:H2
Conditions:Ni catalyst at high T & P
Reaction type:Reduction

Question 23

Alkane to halogino-alkane

Answer 23

Reagent:X2
Conditions:UV light
Reaction type:Free radical substitution

Question 24

Halogino-Alkane to Alkene

Answer 24

Reagent:NaOH or KOH
Conditions:Hot ethanoic
Reaction type:Elimimation

Question 25

Alkene to halogino-alkane

Answer 25

Reagent:H-X Conditions: Reaction type:electrophilic addition

Question 26

Alkene to dibromoalkane

Answer 26

Reagent:Br2(aq) Conditions:—- Electiphilic addition Reaction type:

Question 27

Aldehyde to hydroxy nitrile

Answer 27

Reagent:KCN & dilute HCl Conditions:—- Reaction type:Nucleophilic addition

Question 28

Keytone to hydroxy nitrile

Answer 28

Reagent:KCN & dilute HCl Conditions:—- Reaction type:nucleophilic addition