Period 3 Flashcards

(29 cards)

1
Q

Sodium reaction with water
Observations:
Equation:
pH if product:

A

Sodium fizzes across surface and melts into a ball
Na + H2O —> NaOH + 0.5H2
pH NaOH : 12-14

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2
Q

Magnesium reaction with water
Observations:
Equation:
PH product:

A

Very slow reaction and a few bubbles of H2
Mg + 2H2O —> Mg(OH)2 + H2
pH Mg(OH)2: 8-10

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3
Q

Magnesium reaction with steam
Observations:
Equation:
PH product:

A

Bright white light and white powder forms (like burning)
Mg + H2O —> MgO + H2
MgO is insoluble so pH can’t be determined

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4
Q

Aluminium reaction with water
Observations:
Equation:
PH product:

A

No reaction as coated with Al2O3

If coating is removed it reacts vigorously

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5
Q

What period 3 elements don’t react with water ?

A

Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur

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6
Q

Chlorine reaction with water
Observations:
Equation:
PH product:

A
Green solution (Cl(aq))
Blue litmus paper turns red then white due to acid then bleach 
Cl2 + H2O  HCl + HClO
pH HCl: around 2
HClO reacts with UV to form HCl
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7
Q

What is disproportionation

A

This is where an element is both oxidised and reduced in the same reaction

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8
Q

Sodium reacting with Oxygen
Observations:
Equation:
Basic or acidic ?

A

Yellow flame and white solid formed
2Na + 0.5O2 —> Na2O
Basic compound

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9
Q

Magnesium reacting with Oxygen
Observations:
Equation:
Basic or acidic ?

A

Bright white light + white solid formed
2Mg + O2 —> 2MgO
Basic compound

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10
Q

Aluminium reacting with Oxygen
Observations:
Equation:
Basic or acidic ?

A

Very slow reaction unless powder used
4Al + 3O2 —> 2Al2O3
Basic COMPOUND

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11
Q

Formation of silicon dioxide

Observations:

A

Si + O2 —> SiO2

Very slow

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12
Q

Formation of phosphorus pentoxide

Observations:

A

P4 + 5O2 — P4O10
White flame
White fumes

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13
Q

Formation of sulfur(IV) dioxide

Observations:

A

S + O2 —> SO2
Blue flame
Fumes of gas with choking Oder

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14
Q

P3 nonmetal oxides and metal oxides

Which are acdid and which is basic

A

Acidic - nonmetal

Basic - metal

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15
Q

Structure of SiO2 ?

A

GIANT covalent

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16
Q

Metal oxide + water form ?

A

Metal hydroxide

17
Q

pH of NaOH

18
Q

pH of Mg(OH)2

A

9-10 (is sparingly soluble)

19
Q

pH Al2O3

A

Insolube in water so doesn’t react

(Can react with acids and bases to form salts)-amphoteric

20
Q

Non metal P3 oxides + water forms ?

A

Forms acid counterpart
Eg
P4O10 + H2O —> H3PO4

21
Q

pH phosphoric acid

A

0-2(Strong acid)

22
Q

pH Sulfuric(IV)acid (H2SO3)

A

2-3(weak acid)

23
Q

pH Sulphuric (VI) acid (H2SO4)

A

0-1 (Strong acid)

24
Q

What two types of oxides react ?

A

Covalent and Ionic

25
Why is Al2O3 special ?
Aluminium oxide is amphoteric which means it reacts with both acids and bases
26
Can act as an acid or base
Amphoteric
27
Why does Aluminium salts form acidic solutions
Al 3+ ion surrounded by 6 coordinate bonds from water (from O) Al3+ polarises the water and has enough polarising power to break OH bonds forming H+
28
Al2O3 acting as a base Acting as a acid
Al2O3 + 6HCl —> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O | Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O —> 2NaAl(OH)4
29
Reactions of [Al(H2O)6]3+ + OH-
[Al(H2O)6]3+ + OH- —> [Al(H2O)5(OH)]2+ + H2O (Neutral when neutral and becomes insoluble)