Organic synthesis

Question 1

What three synthetic routes can form haloalkanes (name reaction type)?

Answer 1

1. Alkane –> haloalkane in a substitution reaction
2. Alkene –> Haloalkane in an addition reaction
3. Alcohol –> Haloalkane in a subsitution reaction

Question 2

State the reagent, condition, mechanism and reaction type for:
Alkane –> haloalkane

Answer 2

Reagent= Halogen
Condition= UV light
Mechanism= Free radical
Reaction type= Substitution

Question 3

State the reagent, condition, mechanism and reaction type for:
Alkene –> haloalkane

Answer 3

Reagent= Hydrogen halide
Condition= Room temperature
Mechanism= Electrophilic
Reaction type= Addition

Question 4

State the reagent, condition, mechanism and reaction type for:
Alcohol –> haloalkane

Answer 4

Reagent= Sodium Halide + H2SO4
Condition= Heat under reflux
Mechanism= Nucleophilic
Reaction type= Substitution

Question 5

Which synthetic route is a haloalkane a reactant for and what are the reagent, condition, mechanism and reaction type?

Answer 5

Haloalkane –> Alcohol
Reagent: NaOH (aq)
Condition: Heat under reflux
Mechanism: Nucleophilic
Reaction Type: Substitution

Question 6

What synthetic route forms an alkane and what are the reagent, condition, mechanism and reaction type

Answer 6

Alkene –> Alkane
Reagent: Hydrogen + Ni catalyst
Condition: 150 degrees
Mechanism: Electrophilic
Reaction type: Addition/hydrogenation

Question 7

What synthetic route forms an alkene and what are the reagent, condition, mechanism and reaction type