Organisation Flashcards
(41 cards)
What are all the organs in the digestive system?
The mouth, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine and anus.
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst is made up of protein that speeds up chemical reactions and doesn’t get used up.
What is the ‘Lock and Key’ model?
How each enzyme is shaped to fit its complimentary substrate, connecting at an active site, breaking their substrates down to produce minerals and nutrients.
What is the product of carbohydrase?
Simple sugars.
What is the product of amylase?
Glucose (breaks down starch).
What is the product of lipase?
Fatty acids and glycerol.
Where is carbohydrase produced?
Salivary glands, pancreas and small-intestine.
Where is amylase produced?
Salivary glands.
Where is protease produced?
Stomach, pancreas and small-intestine.
Where is lipase produced?
Pancreas and small-intestine.
Which organ is responsible for producing bile?
Produced in the liver and stored in the gall-bladder.
What is the function of bile in digestion?
It is alkaline to neutralise stomach acid, and it emulsifies fats forming droplets, increasing surface area for lipase to act.
Why is digestion of food necessary?
It breaks down food into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair.
What are the five components of the lungs?
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and capillary network.
What does the trachea do?
It allows a passage of inspired and expired air into and out of the lungs.
What does the bronchi do?
It distributes the air throughout the lungs.
What do the bronchioles do?
They carry air to small sacs in your lungs called alveoli.
What do alveoli do?
They expand during inhalation, taking in oxygen, and shrink during exhalation, expelling carbon dioxide and are one cell thick.
What does the capillary network do?
They provide nutrients and removing metabolic waste for all tissues.
What is a pacemaker?
A group of cells regulating heart rate on the right atrium.
How can an artificial pacemaker work?
It sends electrical pulses to the heart to keep it beating regularly.
What is an artery?
It has thick, muscular, elastic walls, small lumen and blood is carried at high pressure from the heart to the body.
What is a vein?
It has thinner, muscular, elastic walls, large lumen with valves to direct blood which is carried to the heart at low pressure.
What is a capillary?
They have very thin walls, wide enough for a single blood cell and blood is carried at a low pressure.
