Organisation Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the main function of the digestive system?
To break down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream
What is the role of the mouth in the digestive system
Mechanical digestion and chemical digestion of starch by the enzyme amylase in saliva
What is the oesophagus
A muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach using peristalsis
What happens in the stomach during digestion
Proteins are broken down by the enzyme pepsin, hydrochloric acid kills bacteria and provides the acidic pH for enzymes to work
What is the function of the small intestine
Most digestion and absorption of nutrients occur there
What enzymes are found in the small intestine
Amylase, protease and lipase
What is bile and what does it do
A substandard produced by the liver , stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine. It emulsifies fat and neutralises stomach acid
What is the function of the large intestine?
To absorb water from undigested food forming solid faeces
What are villi and what is there function
Finger like projections in the small intestine yeah increase surface area for absorption or nutrients.
What organs produce digestive enzymes
Salivary glands, stomach , pancreas , and small intestine
What is the function of the heart
To pump blood around the body , delivering oxygen and nutrients and removing waste products
What are the four chambers of the heart
Right atrium , left atrium, right ventricle , left ventricle
Which side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood
The left side
What is the function of the valves in the heart
To prevent the back flow of blood
Whag are three main types of blood vessels
Capillaries , arteries and veins
What is the role of arteries
To carry blood away from the heart usually oxygenated
What ks the role of the vein
To carry blood towards the heart usually deoxygenated
What is the role and function of capillaries
Tiny vessels where exchange of substances occurs between blood and tissues ( oxygen , nutrients and waste )
What is the function of coronary arteries
To supply oxygen blood to the heart muscle it’s self
What is the pacemaker and where is it found
A group of cells in the right atrium tuah control heart rate by sending electrical impulses
