Organisation Of Spinal Cord

Question 1

Layer of meninges outer to inner

Answer 1

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

Question 2

Where is the epidural space

Answer 2

Outside dura mater

Question 3

Where is the subdural space

Answer 3

Potential space beneath dura

Question 4

Where is the subarachnoid space and what does it contain

Answer 4

Between arachnoid and pia

Csf

Question 5

Where is a lumbar puncture inserted

Answer 5

L3 subarachnoid space

Question 6

Where is epidural inserted

Answer 6

Epidural space

Question 7

Spinal cord funiculi

Answer 7

Posterior
Lateral
Anterior

Question 8

Is grey matter outermost in the spinal cord or brain

Answer 8

Brain

Question 9

How does a nerve enter the spinal cord

Answer 9

Sensory nerve enters dorsal horn
Synapses with interneuron
Travels with motor neuron to central horn of grey
Axon of motor neurone travels ventrakly to muscle

Question 10

what do the ventral root and dorsal root form when they meet

Answer 10

mixed spinal nerce

Question 11

Two major arteries supply the brain

Answer 11

vertebral arteries and internal carotid arteries

Question 12

what do the vertebral arteries form when they meet

Answer 12

basilar art
anterior spinal art
posterior spinal art

Question 13

what blood vessels supply the spinal cord

Answer 13

anterior spinal art
posterior spinal art
radiculospinal arts

Question 14

how many pair of spinal nerves

Answer 14

31

Question 15

how many cervical spinal nerves

Answer 15

8

Question 16

how many thoracic spinal nerves

Answer 16

12

Question 17

how many lumbar spinal nerves

Answer 17

5

Question 18

how many sacral spinal nerves

Answer 18

5

Question 19

how many coccygeal spinal nerves

Answer 19

1

Question 20

are spinal nerves named after the vertebra above or below them

Answer 20

cervical below,

thoracic above

Question 21

which vertebral level does the spinal cord end

Answer 21

L2/3

Question 22

what are the 2 enlargements of the spinal cord

Answer 22

cervical and lumbar

Question 23

what is the cauda equina

Answer 23

bundle of lumbar nerves below spinal cord

Question 24

dermatome

Answer 24

area of skin which receives its sensory supply from a single spinal nerve

Question 25

C4 dermatome

Answer 25

shoulder

Question 26

C6 dermatome

Answer 26

thumb

Question 27

C7 dermatome

Answer 27

middle finger

Question 28

C8 dermatome

Answer 28

little finger

Question 29

T4 dermatome

Answer 29

nipples

Question 30

T10 dermatome

Answer 30

umbilicus

Question 31

L1 dermatome

Answer 31

inguinal ligament

Question 32

L3 dermatome

Answer 32

medial knee

Question 33

L5 dermatome

Answer 33

big toe

Question 34

S1 dermatome

Answer 34

little toe

Question 35

S3 dermatome

Answer 35

gluteal

Question 36

S5 dermatome

Answer 36

anal canal

Question 37

how how proportion of white and grey matter change travelling down the spinal cord

Answer 37

white decreases | grey increases

Question 38

3 major sensory spinal cord tracts

Answer 38

spinothalmic dorsal column medial lemniscus spinocerebellar

Question 39

major motor spinal tract

Answer 39

corticospinal

Question 40

what does spinothalamic transmit

Answer 40

crude touch, pain, temperature

Question 41

what does DCML transmit

Answer 41

vibration, proprioception, discriminative touch

Question 42

what does Spinocerebellar transmit

Answer 42

subconscious proprioception

Question 43

spinothalamic tract course

Answer 43

Sensory nerves synapse in dorsal horn of grey (second order neuron), travels across (decussates) the midline to the other side (right side of brain controls left side of body and vice versa). Travels into white mater to the spinothalamic tract. Synapses again in the thalamus (third order neuron) and then travels via the internal capsule to the primary somatosensory cortex.

Question 44

DCML course

Answer 44

first order neuron doesn’t synapse in spinal cord but travels to the brainstem. It synapses with the cunate or gracile nucleus respectively, then decussates to reach the medial lemniscus. Then 🡪 thalamus

Question 45

spinocerebellar course

Answer 45

second order neuron enters the ipsilateral spinocerebellar tract and travels up to the cerebellum.

Question 46

corticospinal course

Answer 46

First order neuron is in primary motor cortex, axon projects down internal capsule to reach brainstem. Neurons run anteriorly in brainstem (in medullary pyramids). Majority of fibres decussate to enter CT. Synapse with second order neurons in ventral horn of grey 🡪 ventral root.

Question 47

where is the spinothalamic tract

Answer 47

below and lateral to ventral horn

Question 48

where is the DCML

Answer 48

between dorsal horns

Question 49

where is the spinocerebellar

Answer 49

lateral edges of cord

Question 50

where is the corticospinal tract

Answer 50

between dorsal and ventral horns