organisation of the vascular system

Question 1

3 layers of a blood vessel wall

Answer 1

tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia

Question 2

tunica intima

Answer 2

single sheet of EC on thin CT layer, main barrier to plasma proteins, secretes vasoactive products

Question 3

tunica media

Answer 3

SM of various thickness (elastin and collagen matrix), strength, elasticity and contracting power

Question 4

tunica adventitia

Answer 4

CT sheath with no distinct borders, cheaters vessels in place, vasa vasorum network,

Question 5

elastic arteries diameter

Answer 5

1-2 cm

Question 6

conduit (muscular) arteries diameter

Answer 6

0.1-1 cm

Question 7

arterioles diameter

Answer 7

< 0.1 cm

Question 8

capillaries diameter

Answer 8

0.004-0.007 cm

Question 9

Arteriovenous anastomosis diameter

Answer 9

0.02 – 0.135 cm

Question 10

venules diamters

Answer 10

0.05-0.2 cm

Question 11

veins diameter

Answer 11

> 0.2 cm

Question 12

elastic artery walls expand during __

Answer 12

systole

Question 13

elastic artery walls recoil during __

Answer 13

diastole

Question 14

blood pressure created by elastic recoil is __

Answer 14

diastolic blood pressure

Question 15

conduit arteries are __ than elastic arteries

Answer 15

thicker

Question 16

how are conduit arteries controlled

Answer 16

autonomic nervous system

Question 17

conduit arteries examples

Answer 17

radial, cerebral, and coronary

Question 18

distal arterioles are __ controlled by sympathetic nerve fibres

Answer 18

poorly

Question 19

proximal arterioles are __ controlled by sympathetic nerve fibres

Answer 19

richly

Question 20

capillaries carry blood at its __ pressure

Answer 20

lowest

Question 21

Arteriovenous anastomosis are found in which tissues?

Answer 21

skin and nasal mucosa

Question 22

functions of Arteriovenous anastomosis

Answer 22

bypass the capillary beds, temp regulation

Question 23

in limbs, tuma intima have __

Answer 23

valves

Question 24

tuna intima in veins and venues are __

Answer 24

thin

Question 25

flow in veins and venues is low __

Answer 25

resistance

Question 26

veins are controlled by __

Answer 26

sympathetic nerve fibres

Question 27

ascending aorta

Answer 27

left and right coronary arteries branch from here to supply the heart tissue

Question 28

aortic arch is at which vertebrae

Answer 28

T4/5

Question 29

5 branches of the aortic arch that supply

Answer 29

brachiocephalic trunk, right subclavian artery, left subclavian artery, right common carotid artery, left common carotid artery

Question 30

at what level do common carotid arteries branch into external carotid arteries

Answer 30

C3

Question 31

internal carotid arteries function

Answer 31

major blood supply to the brain

Question 32

external carotid arteries function

Answer 32

major blood supply to the neck, face and scalp

Question 33

subclavian arteries function

Answer 33

major blood supply to the arm, thoracic wall, shoulder and neck on respective side

Question 34

branches of the descending aorta supply __

Answer 34

oesophagus, lungs, thoracic wall muscles, pericardium, and the superior surface of the diaphragm

Question 35

when does the descending aorta become the abdominal aorta

Answer 35

t12

Question 36

abdominal aorta branches

Answer 36

coeliac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, renal arteries, and the inferior mesenteric artery

Question 37

abdominal aorta splits into which 2 branches

Answer 37

iliac arteries

Question 38

coeliac trunk supplies __

Answer 38

stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen

Question 39

coeliac trunk branches at which level

Answer 39

T12

Question 40

Superior mesenteric artery supplies __

Answer 40

small intestine and the proximal portion of the large intestine.

Question 41

Superior mesenteric artery branches as what level

Answer 41

L1

Question 42

Renal arteries branch at which level

Answer 42

L1/2

Question 43

Inferior mesenteric artery supplies __

Answer 43

distal portion of the large intestine

Question 44

Inferior mesenteric artery branches at which level

Answer 44

L3

Question 45

internal iliac artery supplies __

Answer 45

pelvic cavity and perineum

Question 46

external iliac artery continues as the __ artery

Answer 46

femoral

Question 47

external iliac artery supplies __

Answer 47

supplies the lower limb on the respective side

Question 48

capillaries drain into __

Answer 48

venules

Question 49

venules drain into __

Answer 49

veins

Question 50

veins dont have branches, they have __

Answer 50

tributaries

Question 51

superior vena cava tributaries

Answer 51

internal jugular vein, subclavian vein

Question 52

brachiocephalic vein is composed of __

Answer 52

internal jugular vein and subclavian vein, on either side of the body

Question 53

azygos system drains __ into the __

Answer 53

posterior thoracic wall, SVC

Question 54

Inferior Vena Cava Tributaries

Answer 54

common iliac veins, renal, lumbar and hepatic veins.