Organische chemie 05

Question 1

From where to where does the electron move?

Answer 1

From the Nucleophile to the electrophile

Question 2

What are the LUMO and HOMO?

Answer 2

Lowest Unoccupied MO, and Highest Occupied MO.

Question 3

When is the energy difference between the HOMO and LUMO smallest?

Answer 3

When the HOMO of the Nu is high in energy, and the LUMO of the El is low in energy.

Question 4

Name four kinds of HOMOs in Nu’s

Answer 4

Free electron pair
Free electron pair in negatively charged molecule
Bonding pi orbital
Bonding sigma orbital

Question 5

Name four kinds of Nu’s

Answer 5

A lone pair
Negative charge
double bond
sigma bond to an electropositive atom

Question 6

Name four kinds of El’s

Answer 6

A positive charge representing an empty orbital
A neutral molecule with and empty p orbital
A double bond to an electronegative element
A single bond to an electronegative element

Question 7

Name four kinds of LUMOs in El’s

Answer 7

Empty orbital in a positively charged molecule
Empty orbital in a neutral molecule
Empty anti-bonding pi orbital
empti anti-bonding sigma orbital

Question 8

Name the three steps of making a reaction mechanism

Answer 8

1. Identify nucleophile and electrophile
2. Nucleophilic attack
3. Make product neutral