Organization and structure of data

Question 1

what is the denary system

Answer 1

it is a number system with a base value of 10. it counts in multiples of ten

Question 2

what is the binary system

Answer 2

a number system with a base of 2 it counts in the multiples of 2

Question 3

define bit

Answer 3

the unit of memory that is used to store a binary digit

Question 4

define nibble

Answer 4

the unit of memory that is used to store 4 binary digits

Question 5

what is an overflow error

Answer 5

an error that occurs when the maximum storage capacity of a register is exceeded

Question 6

what is a character set

Answer 6

it is a complete set of all characters along with their codes

Question 7

how many bits represent a character in ASCII code

Answer 7

7

Question 8

how many different characters are represented in ASCII code

Answer 8

127

Question 9

how many bits represent a character in extended ASCII code

Answer 9

8

Question 10

How many different characters are represented in Extended ASCII code

Answer 10

256

Question 11

How many different characters are represented in Unicode

Answer 11

several billions of characters

Question 12

How many bits represent a character in Unicode

Answer 12

8 - 32

Question 13

Which of the these is the industrial standard for encoding characters: ASCII, extended ASCII, Unicode

Answer 13

Unicode

Question 14

True or False: ASCII codes also represent characters used in European languages

Answer 14

False. ASCII codes represent characters used in English only

Question 15

True or False: Extended ASCII codes also represent characters used in European languages

Answer 15

True

Question 16

True or False: ASCII codes for the characters and symbols remain unchanged in Unicode

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or False: Unicode allocates character codes for English and European languages only

Answer 17

False. Unicode allocates character codes for languages all over the world

Question 18

What is data structure

Answer 18

A collection of data structured together in a specific format is called a data structure

Question 19

Why are variables not enough for real-life programming

Answer 19

Real-life programs need to handle tens of thousands of pieces of data. To handle large amounts of data, it is impossible to store each piece of data in a separate variable

Question 20

List a few types of data structures

Answer 20

Linear and non-linear
Homogenous and non-homogenous
Static and dynamic

Question 21

State a few characteristics of arrays

Answer 21

Arrays are linear, homogenous and static data structures

Question 22

True or False: All the data elements in an array should be of the same data type

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What programming structure is used to input and output data in arrays

Answer 23

Iteration

Question 24

What is an analogue signal

Answer 24

Information in the form of continuous varying data is an analogue signal

Question 25

What is sampling

Answer 25

Sampling is the process that converts analogue sound into discrete digital data that can be stored in a computer

Question 26

What factors affect the audio quality of digital sound

Answer 26

Sampling rate, bit depth and bit rate

Question 27

What is a sampling rate

Answer 27

The sampling rate is the number of samples taken per second

Question 28

True or false: The higher the sampling rate, the higher the sound detail

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is bit depth

Answer 29

Bit depth is the number of bits available for each sample

Question 30

What is PCM

Answer 30

PCM is the process for digitizing a sound file and creating an uncompressed file

Question 31

What is a bit rate

Answer 31

Bit rate is the number of bits of data used to store data sampled every second

Question 32

How is the bit rate calculated

Answer 32

Bit rate=Sampling rate × bit depth × channels

Question 33

True or False: The more the bit rate the higher the file size

Answer 33

True

Question 34

How is a file size of an audio file calculated

Answer 34

File size (bits) =bit rate× number of seconds

Question 35

What are vectors

Answer 35

A type of image that uses coordinates and geometrical shapes such as lines and curves to define an image

Question 36

What happens to image quality when vectors are scaled

Answer 36

Image quality is not lost

Question 37

How are vector images displaye

Answer 37

A vector image is rasterised or converted to a grid of pixels for display

Question 38

What is colour depth

Answer 38

Colour depth is the number of bits used to indicate different colours of a pixel

Question 39

True or False: With the increase in colour depth, the size of the file decreases

Answer 39

False. With the increase in colour depth, the size of the file also increases

Question 40

What is resolution

Answer 40

Resolution is the number of pixels or dots in a unit