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DSST > Organizational Behavior > Flashcards

Organizational Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

Who argued that if psychology was a true science, then psychologist should only study what they could see and measure?

A

John B. Watson

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2
Q

Behaviorism is also called what?

A

Learning Theory

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3
Q

Behaviorism is based on what?

A

The principal of observing and correcting behavior

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4
Q

Who discovered Classical Conditioning?

A

Ivan Pavlov

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5
Q

Who belived that operant conditioning played a much larger role than classical conditioning reguarding behavior?

A

B. F. Skinner

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6
Q

What is operant Conditioning ?

A

Teaches when a certain action is performed there are consequences. It reinforces good behavior.

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7
Q

What is an intrinsic reinforcer?

A

Something that comes from inside an individual that reinforces a behaviro

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8
Q

what is an Extrinsic reinforcer?

A

Anything outside of a person that reinforces a behaivor

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9
Q

What is response extinction?

A

Ignoring a behavior so you don’t have the response

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10
Q

What is the social learning theory?

A

Euphemism actions speak louder than words, Following examples rather than verbal

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11
Q

Who had a theory called Reciprocal Determinism?

A

Bandura

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12
Q

what is Rechiprocal Determinism?

A

The interaction of a person personality, the environment and the behavior.

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13
Q

What is Autocratic leadership

A

When the leader keeps the power and makes the decisions alone.

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14
Q

What does the contingency theory state?

A

That there is no one sigle perfect way to lead a group, but that the style of leadership should change based on the situation

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15
Q

What three factors influence favorableness of a leader?

A

Leader-member relations, Task structure, Leader position power

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16
Q

How do path-goal theory leaders make it easy for their subordinates to meet their goals?

A

Provide a clear path,Help remove barriers, Increase rewards along/at the end

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17
Q

What 3 main points does situational leadership focus on?

A

–leadership direction to subordinates—monetary support for goals—subordinates sillingness to perform

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18
Q

What is referent power

A

Charisma

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19
Q

What are the 4 pattersn of communication networks?

A

Chain
Y pattern
Whell pattern
Circle

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20
Q

What dose The Mechanistic Theory state?

A

organizational change is inevintable and that, organizations and people within the organizations have no other choice except to follow natural law.

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21
Q

What dose The Systems Theory deal with?

A

interdependence instead of independence of, variables and their interactions

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22
Q

What are four major organizational structures

A

Functional,Line and staff - departments supporting other depoartments, Product or divisional, Matrix - structures around a project

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23
Q

Describe a Mechanistic organization.

A

Controls is centralized, lines of communication are vertical, roles are clearly defiend

24
Q

Define Organic organization

A

decentralized control

horizontal lines of communication

25
Q

What are the three main stages in decision making?

A

Understand the problem and its underlying issues
think of ideas and solutions to the problem
Choose which solutions makes the most sense

26
Q

Define Bounded Rationality.

A

people will try to find the answer to their problem, but will settle for a less than perfect solution because it involves more work then they bargained for.

Con: Shortcuts

27
Q

What is the Econological Model based on.

A

based on the postulation that people will try to choose the solution that has the greatest benefit for them.

Con; people involve emotions
Pro: concrete in showing how decision should be made

28
Q

What is the Implicit Favorite model?

A

People choose solutions immediately and work backward to find the justification for their choice.

29
Q

What are the three types of resistance?

A

Logical
Pychological
Sociological

30
Q

What are the three main phases to creating change?

A

Unfreezing - getting rid of old ideas, policies, procedures
Changing - Putting into practice new processes
Refreeing - new changes are incorporated into organization’s structure and culture

31
Q

Which title protects race?

A

Title VII

32
Q

Who ensures employees retain access to medical coverage after involuntary termination?

A

COBRA

33
Q

What is not protected under Title VII class?

A

Sexual preferance

34
Q

Who: Principles of Scientific Managment ?

A

Frederick Taylor

35
Q

What is Theory X?

A

When people dislike work and responsibility

36
Q

Who; Hierarchy of Needs?

A

Maslow

37
Q

What is ERG?

A

Existence needs
Relatedness needs
growth needs

38
Q

What is the Hawthorne Effect?

A

When an interest in people changes the effect on the ouput

39
Q

Who: Locus of Control

A

Julian Rotter

40
Q

The need for achievement was developed by ?

A

David McClelland

41
Q

Trait theories focus on what?

A

background and personality

42
Q

What model is used in decision making?

A

Vroom and Yetton

43
Q

What is a Charisma?

A

Leadership characteristic that inspires employees

44
Q

Who belived that managers make decision based on their assumptions of human nature ?

A

McGregor

45
Q

Econological Model is choosing what?

A

The solution that has the greatest benefit

46
Q

What is Naturalistic Observation?

A

Observing info in an unobtrusive manner

47
Q

What is a role conflict?

A

When two people have overlapping job functions

48
Q

What are the 5 basic traits of personality ?

A 
Emotional stability 
extroversion 
openness
good nature 
preciseness
49
Q

Three reasons people join groups?

A

Social interaction
need for acceptance
self-esteem

50
Q

What is Gestalt Psychology?

A

approach that assumes people organize their perceptiosn by patterns

51
Q

what three factors create our perceptions?

A

Other person
Situation
yourself

52
Q

What is the Locus of Control?

A

feeling/idea that we can personally interact with people and our environment to influence the outocme of events.

53
Q

Cognitive theorists examine what?

A

how the mind is involved in knowing, learning, remembering, and thinking. The study how the mind relates to behavior.

54
Q

Psychoanalytical theory revolves around what?

A

the individuals unconscious motivation

55
Q

Who created structuralism

A

Wilhelm Wundt

- importance of the classification of the minds structures and focused on conscious thought

56
Q

Who created Functionalism ?

A

Williams James

  • Interested in the HOW part of behavior
  • Continuous flow of information
57
Q

What are the four needs for employees in organizations according to McClelland?

A

Affiliation
Autonomy
Power
Achievement

DSST (2 decks)

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