Organska kemija Flashcards

1
Q

Kaj so organske spojine?

A

Skoraj vse spojine oglljika

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2
Q

Katere ogljikove spojine so anorganske?

A

CO2, CO, HCN, H2CO3, cianidi, karbidi, karbonati, hidrogen karbonati

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3
Q

Lastnosti ogljikovega atoma

A

4 valencni elektroni
enojne, dvojne, trojne vezi
verige in obroci
mocne vezi z drugimi nekovinami
razsirjen element v naravi

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4
Q

Heteroatomi

A

Atomi elementov razen C in H v organskih spojinah (N, O, S, Pb…)

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5
Q

Dokazne reakcije

A

Razklop organske spojine, da dokazemo prisotnost iskanega elementa

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6
Q

Vrste razklopov organskih spojin

A

Oksidativni (CuO ali O2) in reduktivni (Na ali Mg/Na2CO3)

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7
Q

Oksidativni razklop

A

Ogljik in vodik

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8
Q

Reduktivni razklop

A

Dusik
Dusik in zveplo
Zveplo
Halogeni elementi

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9
Q

Dokaz ogljika

A

Oksidativna razgradnja s CuO
Gorenje organske spojine na zraku (vezava s kisikom)

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10
Q

Dokaz vodika

A

Oksidativna razgradnja s CuO
Gorenje na zraku

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11
Q

Dokaz dusika

A

Posredno CN-
“berlinsko modrilo”

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12
Q

Dokaz dusika in zvepla

A

Posredno SCN-
intenzivno rdece obarvanje

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13
Q

Dokaz zvepla

A

Posredno kot S2-
Crna oborina

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14
Q

Dokaz halogenih elemenov

A

Beilsteinova reakcija
Dodatek AgNO3 v kislem mediju

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15
Q

Beilnsteinova reakcija

A

bakrovo zico pomocimo v raziskano razstopino in jo damo v plamen- obarva se zeleno

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16
Q

Halogen element+ AgNO3

A

AgCl- bela oborina
AgBr- (bleda rumena obarina)
AgI- rumena obarina

17
Q

Izracun empiricne formule

A

x:y= n(C):n(H)