Orginasation In Animals (Revamped)

Question 1

What are the five levels of organisation in living organisms?

Answer 1

Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems → Organisms

Question 2

What are cells?

Answer 2

Basic building blocks of all living organisms.

Question 3

What are tissues?

Answer 3

Groups of cells with similar structure and function.

Question 4

What are organs?

Answer 4

Groups of tissues working together to perform a specific function.

Question 5

What are organ systems?

Answer 5

Groups of organs working together.

Question 6

What are organisms?

Answer 6

Organ systems working together.

Question 7

What is the function of the mouth in digestion?

Answer 7

Where food is chewed.

Question 8

What is the role of the salivary glands?

Answer 8

Make saliva containing the enzyme amylase.

Question 9

What does the oesophagus do?

Answer 9

Carries food to the stomach.

Question 10

What is the function of the stomach?

Answer 10

Churns food and releases protease to digest proteins and hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria.

Question 11

What is the role of the liver?

Answer 11

Makes bile.

Question 12

What does bile do?

Answer 12

Neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fat.

Question 13

Where is bile stored?

Answer 13

Gall bladder.

Question 14

What happens in the small intestine?

Answer 14

Digested food is absorbed into the blood.

Question 15

What happens in the large intestine?

Answer 15

Water and minerals are absorbed into the blood.

Question 16

What is the function of the rectum and anus?

Answer 16

Stores faeces and expels them.

Question 17

What are the steps of breathing in air?

Answer 17

1. Mouth/Nose → 2. Trachea → 3. Bronchi → 4. Bronchioles → 5. Alveoli.

Question 18

Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

Answer 18

At the alveoli, oxygen diffuses into the blood.

Question 19

What are the main components of blood?

Answer 19

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma.

Question 20

Function of red blood cells?

Answer 20

Bind to oxygen and transport it.

Question 21

Function of white blood cells?

Answer 21

Defend the body against pathogens.

Question 22

Function of platelets?

Answer 22

Form blood clots.

Question 23

Function of plasma?

Answer 23

Transport substances and blood cells.

Question 24

Function of arteries?

Answer 24

Carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.

Question 25

Structure of arteries?

Answer 25

Thick, muscular walls, small lumen.

Question 26

Function of veins?

Answer 26

Carry blood to the heart under low pressure.

Question 27

Structure of veins?

Answer 27

Thin walls, large lumen, have valves.

Question 28

Function of capillaries?

Answer 28

Carry blood to tissues and cells.

Question 29

Structure of capillaries?

Answer 29

One-cell-thick, narrow lumen.

Question 30

What does the right atrium do?

Answer 30

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body.

Question 31

What does the right ventricle do?

Answer 31

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Question 32

What does the left atrium do?

Answer 32

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

Question 33

What does the left ventricle do?

Answer 33

Pumps oxygenated blood to the body.

Question 34

What is the function of the coronary artery?

Answer 34

Supplies the heart with oxygen.

Question 35

What is the double circulatory system?

Answer 35

Blood passes through the heart twice: once to the lungs, once to the body.