Orientalizing Period Flashcards
Explain the relationship between “orientalizing” and “protoarchaic” (4)
- Refer to late Iron Age/early Archaic Period in 7th cent. BCE that was inspired by Egyptian and Near East imagery
- Increased trade and contact with Egypt, Phoenica, and Near East due to colonization and migration
- Problems with “oriental”
- Used interchangably
Describe Daedalic style (5)
- 7th century BCE
- Named after mythic craftsman Daedalus
- Primarily used to refer to scultpures and relief
- Kouros: male youth
- Kore: young women
What are the daedalic features? (8)
- Frontal, arms fixed at side
- Flat cranium with low forehead
- Triangle shaped face
- Heavy breaded or culry hairstyle, wig-like
- Large almond shaped eyes
- Archaic smile
- Idealized youth
- Kore clothed, kouros nude
Identification
(6)
Lady of Auxerre
* Found in basement of Museum of Auxerre (Paris) in 1909
* Original foundspot is unknown, but likely Crete from 650 BCE
* Made of limestone
* Has incised meander squares
* Right hand gesture
* Recreations made of statue with colour
Explain Corinthian Pottery (5)
- Major for pottery manufacture in late 8th centry BCE into 6th century BCE
- Contains mythological and exotic animals
- Two important inventions: coloured slips, sharp point to scratch details into glaze
- Black figures painted in black slip with details painted with incised lines through surface, with other colours on top like red and white
Identification (6)
Protocorinthian Aryballos
* Proto-corinthian: early style of corinthian pottery, emerges following geometric
* Found in Taranto, South Italy
* Aryballos: oil vessel used for perfrume, cleaning, lube, and funerary; single handle, narrow spout, globular body, exported around mediterranean
* Neck has 3 women heads in daedalic style (almond eyes, smile, flat craniam w/ low forehead)
* Top register is a horse race, sphinx between judge and race
* Bottom two registers have animals (deer leopard, winged lion, running dogs)
Identification (5)
Chigi Vase
* Protocorinthian olpe (wine jug) made by a Chigi painter
* Found in Etruscan tomb from Monte Aguzze (NW of Rome) from 650-540 BCE
* Polychromatic: black, red-purple, yellow-brown
* Overlapping vigures
* 3 registers (maybe maturation?): bottom is boys hunting rabbits, middle is lion hunt/Judgement of Paris, top is men going to war
Explain Hoplite warfare
- Heavily armored, military infantry soldier
- Sword, spear, helmet, breastplate, greaves and shield
- Maintain close formation (phalanx)
- Citizen soldiers, not just elite aristocracy
Identification
Cycladic Relief Pithos (Mykonos Pithos)
* Found in Mykonos from 675-650 BCE
* Produced out of teracotta in Tenian-Boeotian group of the northern Cycladic islands
* Has a figural relief on one side (epic of Iliupersis/Sack of Troy)
* Restored
Describe protoattic pottery
- Athenian pottery produced during Orientalizing period
- Black figure adopted from Corinth at end of 7th cent. BCE, middle-proattic used b&w style
- Interest in mythology
- Less common than Corinthian pottery
Identification (4)
Eleusis Amphora
* From middle proattic period, Elusis
* Made by polyphemus painter with B&W style and terracotta
* Used as a grave marker
* Has 2 mythological scenes: (Top) Odysseus coming home from war and Cyclops, (Bottom) is Perseus and Medusa
Describe bronze cauldrons (4)
- New type of cauldrons with an ovoid shape and removeable stands
- Disappearance of rings handles
- Has protomes: decorations on top of cauldrons
- Used as offering for temples, cooking, and trade
Identification (4)
Griffin Protome
* Likely from Rhodes, from 7th century BCE
* Hollow cast bronze griffin using lost-wax process
* Part of a tripod
* Has inlaid eyes
Describe monumental sanctuaries from wood to stone (3)
- Earliest temples were made from mud brick and wood
- Simple rectabgular shaped structures
- Shifted to monumental stone structures by 8th cent.
- 3 factors: advances in stone masonry technology and techniques imported from Egypt, Changes in rofing from thatch to teracotta tiles, increased political centralization
What is the Cult of Hera on Damos? (3)
- Samos: close trade with NEar East
- Activity since 10th century BCE doing altar and votive offferings
- Two temples built in 8th and 7th cent. BCE
Identification
Perseus Metope
* Whirligag: position of being on one knee and indicates motion
* Can see the cap of invisibility, Winged boots of Hermes
* Has black, reddish-brown, white colours
* Made of Teracotta
