origin and background of family and how it affected his agenda

Question 1

Hokkien Chinese merchant whose roots can be traced from Fujian, China and married a Chinese mestiza, Ines Dela Rosa.

assumed the family surname Mercado (“market”) and converted to Catholicism to steer clear of the anti-Chinese hostility of the Spanish authorities.

Answer 1

Domingo Mercado

Question 2

He held the position of Gobernadorcillo in 1783

Answer 2

Francisco Mercado

Question 3

He served as Biñan’s gobernadorcillo in 1808, 1813, and 1823

Answer 3

Juan Mercado

Question 4

Japanese descent and married Benigna Ochoa

Answer 4

Eugenio Ursua

Question 5

married Manuel Facundo de Quintos, a lawyer from Pangasinan and came from a family of Chinese mestizos

Answer 5

Regina Ochoa Ursua

Question 6

She married Spanish-Filipino engineer Lorenzo Alberto Alonso
Her husband, Lorenzo, became a municipal captain of Biñan and invested in American Manila shipping firms.

Answer 6

Brigida de Quintos

Question 7

Francisco Mercado II was born on _________ in __________

Answer 7

May 11, 1818 in Binal Laguna

Question 8

Francisco Mercado II was a man of admirable qualities and studied ____________ at the College of San Jose in Manila

Answer 8

Latin and Philoshophy

Question 9

Jose Rizal called his father “_________” in his student memoirs.

Answer 9

“A Model of Fathers”

Question 10

This deep admiration and love for his father was evident in the art he created in his honor. In 1881, Jose made a ______ of Don Kiko. Six years later, he carved a _________ of him.

Answer 10

clay bust
life-size wood sculpture

Question 11

Francisco Mercado II is a __________ of the Dominican-owned hacienda.

Answer 11

tenant-farmer

Question 12

Francisco chose the unlisted name Rizal that came from the word _______ which means _______ or ________

Answer 12

Ricial
“the green of young growth” or “green fields”

Question 13

nickname of Rizal’s father

Answer 13

Don Kiko

Question 14

Teodora Alonso Realonda was born on ____________ in ___________. She received a fine education at prestigious ____________, where she displayed a special inclination toward __________ and ___________.

Answer 14

November 08, 1826 in Manila
Colegio de Santa Rosa
literature and music

Question 15

______________ acts as Rizal’s reading teacher and critic, and together they would read books in their home library.

Answer 15

Teodora Alonso Realonda

Question 16

Teodora Alonso Realonda is from a long line of _________, the ruling and educated upper class in the towns during the Spanish occupation

Answer 16

principalia

Question 17

Jose Rizal full name

Answer 17

José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

Question 18

Rizal was born on _______ in ________ and died on ________ in ____________ now called ___________

Answer 18

• born: June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna, Philippines
• died: December 30,1896 in Bagumbayan, now called Lunete, Manila

Question 19

Jose was chosen by his _______ who was a devotee of the Christian saint ____________

Answer 19

mother
San Jose (St. Joseph)

Question 20

Protacio is from ________ which is from a Christian Calendar

Answer 20

Gervacio Protacio

Question 21

Who issues the decree that required Filipinos to adopt Spanish surnames for census and administrative purposes?

It was a common practice, to end up with four surnames: each of the old and new family names of both the mother and the father.

Answer 21

Governor General Narciso Claveria in 1849

Question 22

The Rizal Siblings (11)

Answer 22

• Saturnina “Neneng” Mercado
• Paciano Mercado
• Narcisa Mercado
• Olimpia “Ypia” Mercado
• Lucia Mercado
• Maria “Biang” Mercado
• Jose “Pepe” Protacio Rizal
• Concepcion Mercado
• Josefa
• Trinidad
• Soledad Mercado

Question 23

A successful entrepreneur and became a book publisher for the first Tagalog translation of Noli me Tangere

Answer 23

Saturnina “Neneng” Mercado

Question 24

Paciano Mercado founding member of

Answer 24

La Juventud Liberal

Question 25

joined Emilio Aguinaldo and became a general of the Philippine Revolution Army until his capture in the 1900s

Answer 25

Paciano Mercado

Question 26

As their parents grew older and less able to provide care, _____________ stepped into the role of a **surrogate father** to Rizal. He took responsibility for overseeing his education. Introduced Rizal to the **ideals of liberty** but also instilled in him a profound awareness of the injustices suffered by their fellow Filipinos under Spanish rule.

Question 27

looked and found the unmarked grave of Rizal at the Paco cemetery

Answer 27

Narcisa Mercado

Question 28

died in 1887 from childbirt

Answer 28

Olimpia “Ypia” Mercado

Question 29

Her husband, Mariano Herbosa was denied to be buried in the Christian cemetery by being the brother-in-law of Rizal

Answer 29

Lucia Mercado

Question 30

married Daniel Faustino Cruz

Answer 30

Maria “Biang” Mercado

Question 31

* Died at the age of 3 when she fell severely ill * Her death was Rizal’s first sorrow in life

Answer 31

Concepcion Mercado

Question 32

* unmarried and lived together with her younger sister Trinidad until death * was said to have suffered from epilepsy * member of the Katipunan

Answer 32

Josefa

Question 33

* unmarried * received an alcohol lamp from brother Jose, in which he secretly hid the __________ better known as __________, a poem Rizal wrote on the eve of his death in 1896

Answer 33

Trinidad “Last Farewell” better known as “Mi Ultimo Adios”,

Question 34

* the youngest of the Rizal children * Educated as a teacher and later married Pantaleon Quintero

Answer 34

Soledad Mercado

Question 35

In his book ___________, he argues that Rizal's family played a crucial role in his development as a national hero and in shaping modern-day Filipino values.

Answer 35

Rizal Without the Overcoat by Ambeth R. Ocampo

Question 36

reformation vs revolution

Answer 36

**Reformation** *Goal*: To improve or reform existing institutions or systems, often from within *Method*: Changes are usually gradual, and proponents seek to address specific issues or shortcomings without completely overthrowing the existing order. **Revolution** *Method*: Involves radical and often rapid changes, with the intention of creating a new and fundamentally different societal or political structure. A broader term that typically refers to a profound and often violent change in political, social, or economic structures within a society. • encompass: political upheaval, regime change, or a shift in the power structure. The goal of revolution is usually an extreme or complete change to the status quo, including the replacement of the existing authority.

Question 37

Family’s Influence on Rizal’s Agenda

Answer 37

* Diverse heritage (open-minded perspective) * Emotional support and encouragement * Education and enlightenment * Economic privilege (Financial stability to study and travel) * Exposure to social injustices (his personal and family’s experience)

Question 38

Why is Rizal for reformation?

Answer 38

* Writings as vehicles * “La Liga Filipina” * Family’s values and experiences reinforced his belief in the power of education

Question 39

a civic organization that promotes peaceful reform and unity among Filipinos

Answer 39

“La Liga Filipina”

Question 40

Commoner’s Perspective

Answer 40

Commoners were often more concerned with their immediate needs and livelihoods. But not all commoners shared the same perspective. * His writings resonated grievances of the common people. * Rizal's ideas were not simple and had different sides, some folks focused on the parts that seemed more revolutionary. * The general atmosphere of the time, with growing movements for change, could also make people see Rizal as supporting more radical actions.