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Pediatric Cards > Ortho > Flashcards

Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

What are the risk factors of developmental dysplasia of the hip

A 
Family history 
first born
female
frank breech
fair complexion
facial twist
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2
Q

What PE test will dislocate the hips with DDH

A

Barlows test

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3
Q

what test will bring the hips back into place with DDH

A

Ortolani test

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4
Q

In DDH what makes ortolani test postitive

A

palpale clunk

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5
Q

How can you dx DDH

A

Ultrasound, Golf ball will be centered on the tee in a normal US

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6
Q

what is the treatment of DDH

A

pavlik bracing

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7
Q

what is talipes equinovarus

A

clubfoot

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8
Q

what is found on PE of a pt with talipes equinovarus

A

cavus midfoot, adduction forefoot, varus hindfoot, equinus hindfoot

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9
Q

what is the treatment of talipes equinovarus

A

casting then to stright or reverse shoes

surgery if casting does not work

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10
Q

what is the casting called for the treatment of talipes equinovarus

A

Ponseit technique

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11
Q

What does one with a calcaneovalgus foot look like

A

forefoot is dorsiflexed to the antero-lateral tibia

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12
Q

what is the treatment of calcaneovalgus foot

A

stretching excercises

most resolve over 4-6 weeks

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13
Q

what are the two types of flat feet

A

flexible and rigid

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14
Q

How can you tell the difference between flexible and rigid flat feet

A

extend the toes if an arch appears its flexible

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15
Q

what is the treatment of flexible flat feet

A

No treatment

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16
Q

what is the treatment of rigid flat feet

A

shoe inserts; surgical repair

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17
Q

what type of flat feet is familial

A

flexible flat feet

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18
Q

what are the 3 types of intoeing

A

metatarsus adductus
tibial torsion
femoral anteversion

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19
Q

who is metatarsus adductus found in

A

newborns

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20
Q

who is tibial torsion found in

A

early walkers

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21
Q

when should metatarsus adductus be corrected by

A

3 years

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22
Q

what is the treatment of metatarsus adductus

A

stretching, switching shoes

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23
Q

what is the treatment of tibial torsion

A

most resolve by 4-7 years old

24
Q

who is femoral anteversion found in

A

older children

25
Q

when does femoral anteversion usually correct itself by

A

10-12 years

26
Q

At what age is a pt often bow legged

A

1 and a 1/2- 3 years

27
Q

At what age is a pt often knock kneed

A

2 and a 1/2 - 5 years

28
Q

At what age is a pt often straight legged

A

5-6 years

29
Q

who is bow legged worse in

A

early walkers

30
Q

what is a progressive deformity of the legs chronic varus

A

blounts disease

31
Q

what is the treatment of blounts disease

A

bracing, casting

32
Q

what is legg-calve perthes disease

A

idiopathic juvenile acascular nercrosis of the femoral head

33
Q

who is legg-calve perthes disease common in

A

short, skinny, white boys (age 3-8)

34
Q

How does legg-calve perthes disease often present

A

vague onset knee and hip pain

35
Q

What PE findings will you have with legg-calve perthes disease

A

decreased ROM of hip with abduction and internal rotation

36
Q

what is the treatment of legg-calve perthes disease

A

casting-the disorder is self-healing

37
Q

How does one present with slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

knee pain with limited internal and external rotation

38
Q

what will you see on XR of slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

ice cream falling off its cone

39
Q

what are the 3 types of slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

acute,
acute on chronic
chronic

40
Q

what is a complication of an acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

AVN

41
Q

what is the most common type of slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

chronic

42
Q

what is the treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

pin placement across epiphysis

43
Q

what type of pattern is most common with scoliosis

A

right thoracic curve pattern

44
Q

how can you diagnose scoliosis without XR

A

Adams forward bend test

45
Q

what is the treatment of scoliosis

A

mild: observation
Moderate: Brace
Severe: operation

46
Q

How does one develop osgood-schlatter disease

A

traction apophysitis of the tibial tubercle due to repetitive microtrauma

47
Q

What will you find on PE of a pt with osgood-schlatter disease

A

swelling and localized tenderness over the tibial tubercle

48
Q

what is the treatment of osgood-schlatter disease

A

symptomatic treatment

49
Q

What is nursemaids elbow

A

annular ligament getting trapped in the radial/capitellar joint

50
Q

What is the treatment of nursemaids elbow

A

extension, full supination and flexion of the arm

51
Q

what is the most common type of salter harris

A

type 2

52
Q

what is it called if the bony cortex does not truly break

A

buckle or torus fracture

53
Q

How long does it take for a buckle fracture to heal

A

about 4 weeks

54
Q

what is it called if there is an oblique fracture of the distal tibia without fibular fracture

A

toddlers fracture

55
Q

how does a patient present with a toddlers fracture

A

limping, pain with weight bearing

Pediatric Cards (10 decks)

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