Ortho PACES Flashcards
What is the protocol for describing a fracture on a X-ray
- Location and which part of bone
- Pieces (simple/ multifragmentary)
- Pattern: transverse/ oblique/ spiral
- Displaced/ undisplaced
- Translated/ angulated
- XYZ plane (use “Tilted)
Whas is Valgus?
Distal segment goes away from the midline
What is Varus deformity?
Distal segment is going towards the midline
What are the general principles of management of a fracture?
What are the different options for reduction of a fracture?
Usually traction done less now because of prolonged time of immobilisation
What are the different options for Holding a fracture?
What are the options to Fixation of a fracture?
What are the main rehabilitation principles for a patient with a fracture?
What are the advanatages of external fixation vs internal fixation of fractures?
Usually in extensive soft-tissue damage due to earlier identification of infection and easy treatment (easy to remove pins)
Which vessels can get intterupted in intracapsular NOF fractures?
Capsular vessels
Label the different NOF fractures
- Intracapsular (subcapital)
- Trans-cervical (intra or extracapsular)
- extracapsular (intra-trochanteric)
- subtrochanteric (extracapsular)
Usually intracapsular halfway on NOF between
What is the line called that can be used to diagnose NOF fractures on x-ray?
Shenton’s line
What is the general management for extracapsular NOF fractures?
Dynamic hip screwe
What is the general management for undisplaced intracapsualr NOF?
Screws
(less risk of avascular necrosis due to no displacement)
What is the management of displaced intracapsular NOF fractures?
Depending on patient
What are the radiographic changes of OA?
