Ortho - Tumours Flashcards
(22 cards)
what is a ganglion cyst?
common sites?
herniation through the weak portion of a joint capsule
wrist/DIP
benign tumour of fat?
lipoma
where do giant cell tumours arise in the hand? are they benign?
flexor tendon sheath of the finger
yes
malignant tumour name of
blood vessels muscle fibrous fat fat ?
blood vessels - angiosarcoma
muscle - rhabdosarcoma
fibrous fat - fibrosarcoma
fat - liposarcoma
what is AVN?
ischaemic necrosis of bone due to an interrupted blood supply
causes of AVN?
# alcohol steroids sickle cell coagulopathic bisphosphonates
where does AVN commonly occur?
fem head
scaphoid
humerus
talus
Ix for AVN?
XRAY
MRI
XRAY features of AVN?
patchy hyperlucency
crescent sign in fem head - subcortical lucency
Tx for AVN?
replace
drilling to decompress
analgesia
where are osteochondromas? benign or malignant?
cartilage
benign
features of an osteoid osteoma? benign or malignant?
dull pain
worse at night
benign
features of an aneurysmal bone cyst? benign or malignant?
blood filled
painful
benign
what is fibrous dysplasia?
a genetic condition that causes defective mineralisation of bone
features of fibrous dysplasia?
shepherd’s crook deformity of the femur
features of malignant bone/soft tissue tumours?
pain worse at night
#
new bone
destruction
what type of mets does prostate have?
sclerotic
what type of cancer has lytic mets?
breast
thyroid
lung
where is ewing’s sarcoma found? benign or malignant? who gets it?
metaphysis/diaphysis of long bones
malignant
young
where is chondrosarcoma found? benign or malignant? who gets it?
cartilage
malignant
old
where is osteosarcoma found? benign or malignant? who gets it?
osteoblasts form osteoid at the end of long bones
malignant
young (most common)
soap bubble appearance?
giant cell tumour
