OS Flashcards
4 principles of ATLS
Airways and C spine
Breathing
Circulation and haemmhorage
Disability
signs of a mandibular fracture
sublingual haematoma
2 point vertical mobility
limited opening/ function
facial asymmetry
numbness/ altered sensation - may be on contralateral side
classifying involvement of surrounding tissue in a fracture
simple- bone only
compound - damage to soft tissues
comminuted - shattered
5 ways to classify a fracture
- damage to surrounding tissue
- number
- side (uni or bi)
- displacement
- location
possible locations of a mandibular fracture
condyle
coronoid process
ramus
body
parasymphyseal
closed reduction and fixation
guided by patients occlusion
open reduction and fixation
surgery to expose fracture site and reduced using direct vision
what is classed as midface
eyebrows - maxilla
(maxilla, orbit, nose, zygoma)
signs of a midface fracture
nose bleed without blow to nose
malocclusion
midface mobility
diplopia (double vision)
V2 numbness without blow to nerve
what should you look out for in EO exam of suspected OMFS trama
- lacerations, bleeding and sweling
- facial aysmmetry
- limited/ deviated mandibular opening
- altered sensation
mitchells trimmer
spoon and sharp hook
elevating tissues
victoria curette
spoon and ball thing
- debridement and soft tissue debris removal
ash vs howarths periosteal elevator
ash - spoon and round point
howarths - longer spoon and rectangle end
manual medical history questions
- epilepsy, fits or faints
- breathing issues, asthma COPD
- heart issues - angina, high BP
- digestive, intestinal - Crohns, IBS
- Liver or kidney
- skin , bone or muscle problems
- nerve problems
- diabetes
- blood problems
- anything else?
pathology form
what to include in 1st box - ‘nature of specimen/ site’
type of investigation/ biopsy e.g punch
size of biopsy if applicable e.g 6mm incisional biopsy
where biopsy taken from - e.g edge of white/red patch
pathology form
what to include in 2nd box - ‘clinical details/ provisional diagnosis’
description of lesion
patient description e.g meds, smoker
provisional diagnosis
dry socket management
- reassure patient not an infection
- LA, irriguate, alvogyl and suture
- recommend analgesia (dont exceed recommended dosages)
- HSMW to keep area clean
clamps for teeth
anteriors - C or E
premolars - E
molars - A or K
risks of 3rd molar surgery
pain, bleeding, bruising , swelling, infection
damage to adjacent teeth and/ or restorations
jaw stiffness
dry socket
temporary or permanent nerve damage
what percentage of patients having 3rd molar surgery are affected by nerve damage
10-20% temporary
<1% permanent
