Osteology of the forearm and humerus

Question 1

describe the humerus

Answer 1

it is the largest bone in thye upperlimbs and its head articulates withe the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the shoulder joint

Question 2

what are the most common projections used to view the forearm

Answer 2

AP and lateral

Question 3

describe the positioning, centring and collimation required for an AP forearm x ray

Answer 3

-Arm extended over the table with the posterior aspect of the arm in contact with the image receptor

• centring should be inbetween the elbow and wrist joints with collimation including the shafts of the ulna and radius and also the wrist and elbow

Question 4

describe the positioning, centring and collimation required for a lateral forearm xray

Answer 4

patient seated with affected side towards the table

• the forearm is internally rotated so that the medial aspect of the forearm is in contact with the image receptor
• elbow is flexed
• styloid processes and epicondyles should be superimposed

centring should be inbetween the wrist and elbow joints with collimation including the shafts of the radius and ulna, the wrist and the elbow

Question 5

what is a monteggia fracture dislocation

Answer 5

this is the fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with a dislocation of the radial head