OSTT Summative Flashcards
SAPOL OPERATIONAL SAFETY PHILOSOPHY:
“South Australia Police aim to safely manage all police operations”
SAPOL OPERATIONAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES:
P: PLAN (determines the objective and develops a plan)
S: SAFETY (the safety of the victims, the public, police and offenders is the paramount consideration)
T: TAKE CHARGE (effective command and control must be exercised)
A: APPRECIATIONS (the situation must be appraised and the safest plan selected. Mission, Identify factors, determine courses of action, assess risk and confirm course)
R: RISK ASSESSMENT (the potential danger to those present must be continuously assessed)
B: BRIEFINGS (All personnel will be properly briefed and clearly directed: SMEAC)
C: CORDON AND CONTAINMENT (Unless impractical, a cordon and containment approach is to be adopted)
R: REDUCE CONFRONTATION (Where possible a violent confrontation is to be avoided)
A: AVOID FORCE (Where possible use of force is to be avoided)
R: RESOURCES (Additional resources and more time may be required)
FOUR STANDARD RESTRAINT HOLDS:
- Figure four leg lock
- Shoulder Lock
- Wrist Lock (based elbow AND pressure to knuckles)
- Straight arm Lock (based and secure wrist AND pressure to natural flexion of elbow)
JUSTIFICATION FOR SEARCHING: ICED
I: Items on the detainee that may cause injury or harm to the detainee or others.
C: Circumstances of the arrest or detention, the serious nature or gravity of the offences that the detainee has been arrested for.
E: Escape or property damage – items that may be used to effect an escape or damage property whilst in custody.
D: Demeanour – referring to the demeanour of the detainee including any expressed or implied intentions prior or during an arrest.
SEARCHING CONSIDERATIONS:
- SEARCHES SHOULD BE: SYSTEMATIC AND METHODICAL
- Search in quadrants
- ASK: “Do you have any items on you that could hurt yourself, others or me”
LOOK: “Make sure you can see where you are touching – Don’t stick your hand where you can’t see it”
TOUCH: Touch and crush
- Remove items
SEARCHING TYPES:
- Safety Search
- Ordinary Search
- Comprehensive Search
- Intimate Search
- Intrusive Search
- Intimate and Intrusive Search
The Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA) USE OF FORCE PRINCIPLES:
Police should only use force that is reasonable, necessary, proportionate and appropriate to the circumstances.
“Individual police are accountable and responsible for their use of force and must be able to justify their actions at law”
JUSTIFICATIONS FOR HAND CUFFING: SNOT
S: Safety of yourself/the other person
N: Nature of the charge
O: Other accompanying circumstances
T: Temper and conduct of the person
What are ‘Other Circumstances?’
-Prevent Escape
-Loss and Destruction of Evidence
-Prevent Damage to vehicle/equipment
-Extended prisoner conveyance
TYPES OF HANDCUFFING:
- Layered to rear
- Layered to front
- Speed cuff to rear
WHEN HANDCUFFING:
- DOUBLE LOCK (CARE philosophy)
Be aware of POSITIONAL ASPHYXIA:
o Positional asphyxia is the term used to describe the sudden, and seemingly unexplainable, death of a person shortly after they have been taken into custody.
o The exact cause of death is uncertain but appears to involve a sudden fatal heart irregularity or respiratory arrest. This is brought about by a combination of factors relating to increased oxygen needs and an inability of the body to supply the required oxygen.
o Person usually is lying stomach down when occurs
o TO PREVENT PUT ARRESTED PERSON INTO RECOVERY POSITION
FORMATTING FOR BRIEFS: SMEAC
S: Situation (All information)
M: Mission (Simple and succinct)
E: Execution (How the mission will be accomplished)
A: Administration & Logistics (general stuff e.g. supplies)
C: Command & Communication (who is in charge/chain of command, use of radios)
CONSIDERATIONS WHEN CONDUCTING A THREAT ASSESSMENT FOR USE OF FORCE:
- Size Disparity:
o Age
o Height
o Gender - Special skills
- Number of police v offenders
- Intoxication: drugs or alcohol
- Intelligence of Offenders: (History/Warnings/mental illness)
- Proximity to weapon
Baton use
USE: means any attempted or actual strike or direct threat to any person, including when a baton is deployed in a defensive technique.
It does not include merely drawing a baton from its holder.
Baton Justification for use
A member/PSO may only use their baton for:
- their protection in self-defence
- protection of another member/PSO/ Community Constables
- protection of members of the public
- containing or preventing serious breaches of the peace
- arresting a person where its use, other than in a striking fashion, is necessary and appropriate
- protection from attacking or threatening animals.
List the baton strikes
- OPEN STRAIGHT STRIKE
- OPEN SUPPORT SIDE STRIKE
- OPEN STRONG SIDE STRIKE
- CLOSED STRAIGHT STRIKE
- CLOSED SUPPORT SIDE STRIKE
- CLOSED STRONG STRIKE
- CLOSED TO OPEN STRIKE
How to deploy baton 4 steps
- WARN
- STRIKE
- MOVE OFFLINE
- ASSESS
You use a baton what steps should you take to report
USE OF FORCE RECORDED (done before end of shift):
A member/PSO must advise their District/LSA O/C (or delegate) as soon as possible and must submit a:
- PD355 Record of use of force (PD355) or use of force notification via Blue Team through their supervisor to their District/LSA O/C (or delegate) before completing the shift when they:
o USE a baton
o LOSE POSSESSION of a baton (even momentarily) in any confrontation
o BELIEVE that the incident at which you drew your baton but did not use it, may be the subject of a POLICE COMPLAINT against police
o encounter problems with or have suggestions about using a baton
IMPACT AREAS OF THE BODY: BATON
- CAN USE ON: When using a baton select less vulnerable areas of the body, such as the fleshy parts of the lower leg, upper thigh, buttocks and lower and upper arm.
- CANT USE ON: A member/PSO must not use a baton against the head or other vital and sensitive parts of the body (EYES, HEAD, THROAT, SPINE AND KNEE CAPS – “BONEY” PARTS)
Don’t use to break glass
OC SPRAY: distances
Maximum Distance of Use: 3 metres Do not use closer than: 90cm
OC Spray Use (What’s considered using it)
- actually spraying a suspect or spraying in their direction
- directing a canister at a suspect but not actually spraying
- spraying an animal
OC SPRAY: JUSTIFICATION FOR USE:
A member/PSO may only use a defensive spray for:
* their protection in self-defence
- protection of other embers/PSOs/Community Constables
- protection of members of the public
- containing or preventing serious breaches of the peace
- protection from attacking or threatening animals.
When using spray must consider the following:
- AIR CONDITIONERS —when defensive spray is used near air conditioners operating on recycled systems, the airborne spray may be drawn into the system and recirculated throughout other parts of the building.
- WIND—the strength and direction of the wind may reduce the range or effectiveness of defensive spray. Defensive spray must not be sprayed into the wind, as it will be blown back into the employee’s face. A strong crosswind may also blow the defensive spray onto other police or members of the public.
- RAIN—rain and fog may cause some reduction in the effect of defensive spray.
- OFFENDERS WEARING GLASSES OR FULL-FACE HELMETS —these will limit or prevent the amount of defensive spray which contacts the offender’s eyes, nose or mouth and may reduce the effects of the spray.
- BYSTANDERS—consider the possibility of exposure to bystanders and members of the public who are in the vicinity.
- POLICE DOGS OR POLICE HORSES —do not use defensive spray in the vicinity of police dogs or police horses.
- CAUSE DANGER OR INJURY—avoid the use of defensive spray in areas where its use could reasonably be foreseen to cause a panic. Do not use defensive spray to create a situation whereby a person who is temporarily blinded would or could move into an area which may cause severe injury such as walking into the path of oncoming traffic or walking off an elevated area such as a roof or bridge. Do not use defensive spray in crowded areas such as discos, shopping centres and the like.
- PUNISHMENT OR INTERROGATION—defensive spray is not to be used for any unauthorised or unlawful purpose, such as a means of punishment or interrogation.
- PASSIVE PERSONS—defensive sprays must not be used against any persons who offer passive resistance, such as hanging limp or simply refusing to comply with instructions (including prisoners in cage cars passively refusing to get out), moving passive prisoners from cell to cell or against any passive demonstrators.
OC Spray DECONTAMINATION:
Move to fresh air, wash with water and do not rub eyes. When a person shows extraordinary effects from the spray, the member/PSO must give first aid or arrange medical attention.
- Control
- Instructions
- Removal
- Reassurance
- Decontaminate
- Observe
USE OF FORCE RECORDED (done before end of shift): OC SPAY
- When a member/PSO uses a defensive spray they must advise their District/LSA O/C (or delegate) as soon as possible and must submit a:
o PD355 or use of force notification via Blue Team through their supervisor to the O/C before completing the shift. - Where a bystander or witness is affected when a defensive spray is used:
o record their details on the PD355 or use of force notification via Blue Team.
