OTA 237- 1,6,7 &10 Wk3 Quiz

Question 1

Sequence of skills is…

Answer 1

predictable but rate may vary

Question 2

Periods of Development

Answer 2

Infancy: 0-18 mo
Early childhood 18 mo- 5 years
Middle childhood 6-12 years
Adolescence 12-21 years

Question 3

3 basic rules of motor development

Answer 3

cephalocaudal progression
proximal to distal progression- trunk to arms
gross to fine motor control

Question 4

Principles of Normal Development

Answer 4

1. development is sequential and predictable
2. maturation and experience affect a child’s development
3. changes occur in the biological, psychological, and social systems
4. development progresses vertically and horizontally
5. motor developmental has three basic rules

Question 5

Motor Skills

Answer 5

Gross- large movements- muscles and balance

fine motor- contained to hand- writing drawing

Question 6

Apgar Schore

Answer 6

tests neonate physiological status in 5 areas
color
HR
reflex irritability
muscle tone
respiratory rate
tested 1min and 5 min after birth

Question 7

Infants Sensory Skills Development

Answer 7

Vision- birth see 8 inches; at 3 months able to distinguish between colors and patterns; 12 months acuity is 20/100 and 20/50
Hearing- well developed; 3 mo visually orient to sounds
Smell- 3 mo able to distinguish odors
Touch- most important stimuli for infants are skin contact and warmth

Question 8

Infants Gross Motor Development

Answer 8

Newborn- physiologic flexion @ birth & random burst movements
Primitive reflexes: present @ birth- integration starts at 3 months until 5 months
Birth- 2 months able to turn head from side to side in prone and supine position
4 months - lift head to 90 degrees to look around- bring hands to knees in supine position and rolls

Question 9

Rooting

Answer 9

P: supine
S: light touch
PR: opens mouth & turns head in direction of touch
Food searching reflex

Question 10

SuckingSwallowing

Answer 10

P: supine
S: light touch on mouth
PR: closes mouth and sucks
food gathering

Question 11

Palmar Grasp Reflex

Answer 11

birth - 4-6mths
P: supine
S: pressure on palm of hand
+response: fingers flex

Question 12

Neonatal Positive Support

Answer 12

birth - 1-2mths
P: upright
S: being bounced several time
+response: le extensor tone increase, hip and knee flex may occur

Question 13

ATNR - asymmetrical tonic neck reflex

Answer 13

P- supine arm and legs extended
S-turn head to 1 side
R- arm & leg on face side extend & skill slide flex
*connect brain with body develops hand eye coordination

Question 14

STNR- symmetrical tonic neck reflex

Answer 14

birth - 4-6mths
P: quadruped
S: flexed head/extended head
\+response: arms flex/legs extend
 arms extend /legs flex

Question 15

TLR S- Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex: Supine

Answer 15

birth - 4-6mths
P: supine
S: being moved in to flexed
+response: ue and le increases when moved into flexion

Question 16

TLR P - Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex Prone

Answer 16

birth - 4-6mths
P: Prone
S: being moved in to extensin
+response: ue and le increases when moved into extension

Question 17

Plantar Grasp Reach

Answer 17

birth - 4-9mths
P: supine
S: firm pressure on ball of foot
+response: toe grasp

Question 18

3 Major Postural Reflexes

Answer 18

1: Primitive Relaxes
2. Righting Reactions -back to midline
3: Equilibrium reactions - protective extension reactions

Question 19

Righting Reactions

Answer 19

1. body on head
2. body on body
3. neck on body

Question 20

Infant fine motor development

Answer 20

birth-3mths grasp reflex
4mths visually directed reaching (ATNR)
5-6mths palmar grasp/transfer objects
6mth reaches for object able to use radial palmar grasp
7-8mths radial digital grasp
9-12mth inferior pincer–pincer–fine pincer grasp

Question 21

Piaget’s 4 stages of cognitive development

Answer 21

• sensorimotor
• preoperatinal
• concrete operational
• formal opeational

Question 22

Infants Gross Motor Development

Answer 22

6 mo- able to reach while prone on extended arms, bring feet to mouth in supine position, sit when propped
6-9 mo- can assume sitting, belly crawl, protective extension responses
7-21 mo- equillibrium reactions developing
10-11 mo- able to creep
14 mo- able to walk
12-18 mo- practices walking, jumping and running

Question 23

Tummy time importance

Answer 23

allows vertical development

infant turns head- raises head -weight shifting