OTC 3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
what are the red flag symptoms for athletes foot?
- bleeding skin
- signs of infection
what is cystitis?
a urinary tract infection (UTI) characterised by inflammation and/or infection of bladder and its opening to urethra
what are the symptoms of cystitis?
- inc frequency of passing urine, often with urgency
- burning, stabbing pain in urethra
- burning pain in passing urine
- traces of blood may = present in urine
- urine may = cloudy or malodorous
- bladder may not feel completely empty
what are the red flag symptoms for cystitis?
- symptoms of loin
- low back pain
- visible haematuria
what are the special considerations for cystitis?
children and men
what is vaginal candidiasis (thrush of vagina)?
abnormal colonisation of vagina by yeast cells
what are the symptoms of vaginal thrush?
- vulval itching
- local erythema
- vaginal discharge
- dyspareunia
- dysuria
when would you refer a patient who has vaginal thrush symptoms?
- over 60 and under 16 years
- during pregnancy
what are the red flag symptoms of vaginal thrush?
- blood-stained discharge
- under 16 / over 60
- first time symptoms
- failed treatment
what is oral candidiasis (thrush)?
fungal infection of the mucous membranes of mouth
what are the symptoms for oral candidiasis?
- white/cream plaques
- mucuous membranes throat, tongue / gums
- inhaled corticosteroids
- also common in denture wearers and elderly
what is candidiasis sometimes confused with in babies?
milk curds (can easily be scraped away)
oral thrush plaques would leave a sore, reddened area underneath
what are the red flag symptoms for oral thrush?
- diabetics
- unresponsive after one week of treatment
- pain/difficulty swallowing
what are warts caused by?
human papilloma virus
HPV
what do warts affect?
- hands
- feet
- anogenital areas
can be transmitted by contact
- black dots may be seen on surface
what do common warts appear as?
- firm
- rough
- raised papules
plantar warts (verrucas) are found where?
pressure areas such as soles of the feet
how do genital warts appear?
in large clusters + may extend to perianal area
when is routine referral required for warts and verrucas?
for warts on face and anogenital area
what are the red flag symptoms for warts and verrucas?
- bleeding warts/verucca
- spreading
infective conjunctivitis
- can be bacterial/viral
- gritty sensation
- bacterial - thick/yellow discharge
- viral - watery discharge
- highly infectious but self limiting
allergic conjunctivitis
- irritation, discomfort and watery eyes
- associated with itching, rhinitis, and hay fever like symptoms
- can = seasonal
- allergic reaction: pollen, dust
what are the red flag symptoms for conjunctivitis?
- no improvement after 48 hours
- symptoms >2 weeks
- loss of vision
- photophobia
- pain in eye
