OTHA 103 exam 2 Flashcards
(105 cards)
3 zones of tissue damage
- zone of coagulation
- zone of stasis
- zone of hyperemia
zone of coagulation
point of most damage
irreversible tissue destruction
zone of stasis
surrounds zone of coagulation
damage results in decreased perfusion
zone of hyperemia
outer zone
tissue at risk but should recover and heal with proper care
eschar
residual layers of skin destroyed by direct heat damage
superficial burn
only epidermis
redness and pain
dry and does not blister
heals within 3-6 days without scarring
partial thickness burn
destroys epidermis and part of dermis large, thick blisters that increase in size deep red to waxy white in color leaks body fluid, moist heals in 7-20 days with scarring
full thickness burn
epidermis and dermis and part of hypodermic layer
usually won’t heal by itself
small, thin blisters that won’t increase in size
can be black, tan, red, white
dry and leathery in texture
healing depends on donor sites and will leave scarring
severe risk for contractors
deep full thickness burn
destroys all layers of skin and extends to bone/muscle
charred or mummified appearance
can result in loss of function
amputation may be needed
decreased risks for morbidity/mortality
early excision
skin grafting
antibiotics
criteria for burns that should be transferred to a burn center
partial thickness burns of 10% TSBA or higher
chemical burns
electrical burns
burns involving face, genitals, hands, feet, major joints
all full thickness burns
pulmonary/inhalation injury
pt with complicating preexisting medical conditions
Burn injuries affect 2 major body systems
pulmonary
cardiac
pulmonary complications
carbon monoxide poisoning
upper airway obstruction
restrictive defects
cardiac complications
burn shock, burn wound edema, organ failure, tissue hypoxia
burn wound management
the acute phase
debridement
grafting
the acute phase of treatment
after emergency phase
sepsis is the most common cause of death during this phase
pt vulnerable to infection
debridement
cleansing and removal of dead tissue-painful process
grafting
skin taken from another part of its body, priority influenced on size of location of burn, hands given priority
allograft
donor skin taken from another person
autograft
surgical transplantation of patients own skin from one area to another
cultured epithelium
biopsy of unburned skin that is sent to a lab to grow skin for grafting
phases of rehab activities
emergency phase
acute phase
rehab phase
emergency phase
preservation of joint function, ROM exercises, splinting
acute phase
reconditioning exercises, ROM exercises, splinting, ambulation and ADL participation