Other Fire Flashcards
(64 cards)
1
Q
Using Class “A” Foam on
Flammable Liquid Fires w/ Rescue
A
- class “a” should not be used on flammable liquid fires except when there is an immediate rescue
- injected @ 3% thru 1 3/4” w/ TFT, push flames in a direction to facilitate a quick rescue
- class “b” used to back up, 3% micro-blaze out educator 1 3/4” line, roll the surface
- for safety reasons, when class “a” foam is used on class b fires, it SHALL be communicated via radio to incoming units
2
Q
Vehicle fires
The IC ensures the following:
A
- attack crews wear full PPE & SCBA
- 1 3/4” or greater attack line
- vehicles are stabilized
- patent water supply or other extinguishing agents are available as needed
- run-off fuel &/or contaminated water is accounted for and their effects minimized
3
Q
Vehicle fires
Other safety factors:
A
- avoid standing in front of shock absorbing bumpers
- use caution when dealing with combustible metals (mag wheels)
- use caution around fuel filter caps
- large vehicles - additional reesources should be considered
- after incident priority benchmarks, an investigation is conducted
4
Q
Trash & Dumpster Fires
Size-Up Considerations:
A
- hazard, toxic, &/or reactive material
- occupancy of nearby structures and associates use
- possible exposures
- upwind approach
- possible contaminated run-off (containment)
- full PPE & SCBA, IC chooses hose line size based on fire and exposures, IC determines the direction of approach
- possible contaminated equipment
- investigate after benchmarks are met
- IC should make effort to notify RP
5
Q
Carbon Monoxide Alarm Response (DETECT)
Upon arrival, IC and Crew Should:
A
- meet w/ RP to obtain info
- check the structure w/ air monitoring
- check the alarming CO detector for readings and/or codes
- if CO is present, attempt to locate source
6
Q
CO Alarm Response
Above 15 ppm:
A
- the Capt should ask 100 to call utility company
- should evacuate occupants and don SCBA before further investigation
- depending on the CO level, possible cause, and utility ETA, the Capt should determine whether to shut-off gas to the building and/or vent the structure
7
Q
CO is present and utility Company ETA, Capt may decide to go available or clear scene
These requirements should be met:
A
- source of CO has been found
- the utility company is responding w/ ETA
- a peak CO level has been found
- mitigate the leak and ensure levels are decreasing
- RP has been informed of CO hazards
- RP has safe/warm place to wait for utility company
- RP contact info has been gathered
- the Capt follows up with RP
8
Q
If CO levels are less than 15 ppm
A
- Capt should suggest that the RP contact a qualified service person to inspect all appliances
- Capt should ensure the occupancy has an operable CO alarm. If not, install one
9
Q
Hose Loads
Engines SHALL Carry:
A
- 800 ft 5”
- 800 ft 3” supply (minimum)
- 300 ft 2.5” hand line
- 400 ft 1 3/4” hand line
- 200 ft (2x100) 1 3/4” high rise
- 100-200 ft front bumper
- 200 ft booster
- 1 short 25’ of 5”
- 1 short 25’ of 2.5”
- 2 short sections of 3” attached to 5” wye
10
Q
Stored Hose
A
- 400’ of 3”
- 300’ of 2.5”
- 400’ of 1.75”
- 200’ of high rise
11
Q
Single Engine Plane Emergencies
Call Type
A
PLANE
- 1 ambulance
- 2 engines
- 2 trucks
- SO
- BC
- EN10
- Foam 10
Emergent
12
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Unique Hazards:
A
- engines and propellers still running and creating flying debris
- large amount of flammable jet A fuel - require class b foam
- possibility of oxygen tanks on board
- large and spread out debris field
- rule of thumb= fight only the fire that interferes with the rescue
13
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
First Arriving IC:
A
- SHALL establish Command
- size up
- communicate IAP to responding units
14
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Size-Up
A
- determine whether buildings, vehicles, power lines, or people are involved
- determine if it is safe to approach
- determine whether rescue or recovery of Pts is needed
- the amount of fuel that is (or may be) on fire
- size of the area involved (debris field)
15
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
IAP Strategic Considerations:
A
- rescue vs recovery
- offensive vs defensive
- apparatus placement: space for extrication, foam 10, and wind direction
16
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Tactical Considerations:
A
- if immediate rescue is required, class a foam may be used
- extrication necessities must be addressed
17
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Task Considerations:
A
- containment of fuel and foam run-off
18
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Safety Considerations:
A
- air craft fuels: highly flammable, toxic, corrosive
- tires and wheel assembly fires should not be approached from the sides and dry chem is recommended for extinguishment
- 6v, 12v, 24v electrical systems
- air craft material that becomes hazardous when damaged
- air craft may have compressed gas cylinders
19
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Other Considerations:
A
- establish a sustained water supply when using foam 10. May need tenders
- foam lines have limited reach
- maintain b foam blanket
- Loveland rescue has specialized equip and training
- IC SHALL ensure the NTSB has been informed
- termination: scene may be turned over to law enforcement until NTSB or FAA arrive
20
Q
Roadway Safety
Intro
A
- primary objectives: preserving life and preventing injury, protecting property, and restoring traffic flow
- 1st priority: ensure we arrive safely and operate safely
- in order to reduce the risk, emergency personnel must create a safe area to protect themselves and the people they are assisting
21
Q
Roadway Safety
IC should:
A
- evaluate the scene, create a roadway safety plan and take appropriate steps to implement the plan
- IC should also coordinate with other agencies. Dispatch can assist with creating a patch to put other agencies on the same frequency
22
Q
Roadway Safety
Objectives in placing traffic control devices
A
- to warn and safely guide motorists through controlled channels
- each incident must be dealt with on an individual basis
- traffic control zones should be monitored to determine their effectiveness
23
Q
Roadway Safety
Protecting self and crew members
A
- acute awareness of the high risk
- FFs should:
• always look and use caution before opening doors and stepping out of apparatus
• exit apparatus on the side away from traffic
• not walk around apparatus without taking caution
• keep an eye on traffic whenever possible
24
Q
Roadway Safety
FFs should wear high visibility vest when operating on or near:
A
- traffic accidents
- medical emergencies
- public assist
- traffic control
- D/O duties at a fire
- command operations
- IC may require PFA personnel to don vest during a medical emergency loading of a pt on a residential street
25
Roadway Safety
Temporary traffic control zones (TTCZ)
- area of the highway where road users conditions are changed because of work zone or an incident
- TTCZ is to provide for reasonable safe and effective movement of road users through or around the work area, while providing a reasonable level of protection to the responders
26
Roadway Safety
TTCZ
5 areas include:
- advanced warning
- transition
- buffer
- work
- termination
27
Roadway Safety
Established the work area
- begin with the arrival and positioning of the 1st apparatus
- D/O should ensure the buffer space is sufficient and front wheels are turned away from the working area
- apparatus should be parked at angle to direct traffic around the scene
- establish adequate size working area
- if hose lines are required, the engine should be angled so that pump panel is on opposite side of on coming traffic
28
Roadway Safety
Establish work area
Traffic cones
- deployed by 1st arriving and expanded
- as transition area using at least 4 cones 1 ft per 1 mph
- multi-apparatus: 1st arriving 4 cones back at a spacing of 25 ft in the taper area. Blocking engine should reset new cones in the transition area 1 ft per 1 mph. Face traffic when placing
29
Roadway Safety
Establish work area
Warning lights
- Amber directional provide additional indicator
- during day time, all emergency lights
- at dawn, dusk, and night: should consider turning off headlights and other emergency lighting, except yellow lights and emergency flashers
- command lights should be set up to minimize glare to on-coming traffic
30
Roadway Safety
Blocking apparatus
- apparatus > 30,000lbs
- small vehicles as warning vehicles
- position based on speed, ~ 100 ft or more from working area
- use Amber directional and traffic cones
- personnel SHALL exit apparatus and stage in work area or forward positioning apparatus
- IC should consider CDOT blocking apparatus, especially if incident will exceed 30 minutes
- at intersections, block all sides - prioritize blocking
31
Auto blocking
CAD dispatches 2 engines to the following areas
- I-25
- 287 from south end of LCR 54G to north end of district
- hwy 14 from Ted's west to end of PFAs district
- hwy 14 from timberline east to end of PFAs district
- College ave from Harmony RD south to end of PFAs district
- Harmony RD com Ziegler east to end of PFAs district
32
Roadway Safety
Warning vehicles
- local traffic speed, weather, surface conditions, topography, view obstructions and roadway design should be considered
- < 30,000lbs
- should be parked on the shoulder
- anywhere from 1/2 mile to 100 yards "upstream"
33
Roadway Safety
Termination or modification of the TTCZ
- do not create new hazards
- the most upstream blocking apparatus should be the last to leave
- IC should radio termination or modification of the TTCZ
34
Roadway Safety
Signage
- variable message signs on I-25
- CDOT can be contacted directly or through dispatch
- CDOT needs to know the location of the incident, direction of travel, if any lanes are being closed and expected duration
35
Roadway Safety
Road closures
- law enforcement should be utilized
| - IC should announce when resuming traffic flow
36
Roadway Safety
Weather-related incidents
Increased situational status:
- status 1: normal weather
- status 2: reports of multiple accidents, or 2 or more accidents within 30 minutes or less on same roadway
- status 3: high # of incidents district wide or in specific areas of the district have occurred
37
Roadway Safety
Weather related
Actions:
- Action 1: standard response
- Action 2: PFA command team is advised. Available rovers are moved to stations with tenders for blocking. Possibly staffing with off-duty personnel
- Action 3: possible IC for entire weather incident. On-call chief should take the remainder of the system
38
Emergent Driving
Intro
- Vehicles SHALL be operated in compliance with pertinent provisions of Colorado revised statues ( CRS)
39
Emergent Driving
Authority/Responsibility
- all drivers SHALL have a valid driver's license
- SHALL wear seat belts. SHALL NOT move the vehicle. Captain is responsible
- captain SHALL have responsibility to monitor and provide safe driving practices and to stop unsafe acts
- PFA D/Os SHALL meet the certification requirements
- D/Os SHALL operate within their limits, limits of vehicle, and condition
- drivers SHALL adjust their speed to compensate for conditions
40
Emergent Driving
Responding emergent
- should not exceed posted speed by > 20mph
- D/O SHALL be prepared and have ability to stop before entering intersection
- school zone, drivers SHALL NOT exceed posted speed limit. SHALL stop for school buses with lights and stop signal
- D/O SHALL NOT proceed through an activated crossing light
41
Emergent Driving
Tender response
- response SHALL be non-emergent unless
• an emergent response requested by IC, BC, or SO
• tender is responding directly behind an engine that is responding emergent
42
Apparatus Placement
Structure fires/alarms
- IC should consider the extent and location of the fire and evaluate potential fire spread and building condition
- should avoid placing apparatus in a location where repositioning could not be done easily and quickly, particularly in position with only one way in. Fire apparatus should be considered exposures
43
Apparatus Placement
Truck officer should consider:
- extent and location of fire
- most dangerous direction of fire spread
- fire confinement
- exposure conditions
- overhead obstructions
- structural conditions
- 4 stories or less= truck outside
- 5 stories or greater= truck inside
44
Apparatus Placement
Wildland
- SHALL NOT be parked over un-burned fuel
- should be placed on previously burned areas, concrete, dirt roads
- consider other hazards as overhead power lines, heavy fuel stands, falling trees, rolling rocks, and in-coming air drops
- position facing the escape route
45
Apparatus Placement
Hazmat
- should not be stopped over manhole covers
| - should approach the scene upwind/uphill
46
Firefighter Accountability
Intro
All personnel are responsible for FF accountability
47
Firefighter Accountability
3 aspects of the PFA accountability system:
- chain of command responsibilities
- accountability system
- procedure for accountability
48
Firefighter Accountability
Define unity of command:
- means that each responder is to be under the direct supervision of one supervisor; protects safety and helps ensure their accountability
49
Firefighter Accountability
Accountability system: 4 basic components:
A. Tactical worksheet: basic personnel log
B. Tacking of elapsed time: IC to evaluate strategic goals and tactical objectives
C. PAR: SHALL be performed:
• when changing ops: offensive - defensive
• after reports of building collapse
• when there is a lost FF
• as determined by IC
D. Emergency traffic: SHALL be used:
• when a lost FF is reported
• in event of confirmed or threatened building collapse
• when changing strategies
50
Firefighter Accountability
The 4 elements of accountability include the following:
- defined crew size
- crew identification
- crew staging
- emergency scene tracking: once deployed, the IC SHALL track crews for accountability
51
Firefighter Accountability
Other accountability expectations:
- crews SHALL be tracked based on assignment and time in-time out
- crew SHALL communicate with IC when enter and exit
- group or division sup should know position, progress, needs of crews
- captain SHALL stay in visual, voice, touch, radio
- IC SHALL stay in radio contact with group sup
52
Emergency Scene Perimeter
All personnel entering the area SHALL:
- wear PPE
- have crew intact with portable radio
- be assigned to a group or division, and/or have an assignment or directive from command
- have a SO watching personnel working within the perimeter
53
Emergency Evacuation and Signaling
- emergency evacuation signals are a combination of "emergency traffic" notification and short blasts on a fire apparatus horn
• 3 short blasts (1 second each)
54
Emergency Evacuation Procedures
SHALL include:
- command broadcast or directs 100 to broadcast, the "emergency traffic" tone over all pertinent frequencies
- command announces the need for immediate evacuation
- command then directs to signal 3 short blast
- all supervisors immediately evacuate their crews from the structure or area of danger. Hose lines left in place to help direct crews out unless needed for egress
- once outside the danger zone, all supervisors conduct a PAR
- if unable to complete PAR, evacuation procedure SHALL be repeated
55
SCBA
Ops in the following:
- active fire
- directly above fire
- a potential explosive or fire area, including gas leaks and fuel spills
- where combustible products are visible
- invisible contaminants (CO or HCN) are suspected
- toxic products are present or may be released without warning
- SHALL be worn until 0 ppm. IC SHALL be responsible
56
SCBA
PAPRs and Filters
- extended work on collapse zone
- extended work in a pt triage where bsi concerns exceed those of normal precautions
- extended work in a hazmat Decon corridor where the hazmat involved is a particulate (asbestos, powder, etc)
57
Personnel Rehab
Establishing:
- the logistics section oversees rehab
- if no logistics, the staging area manager
- maintain accountability, enter and exit as a crew
- personnel are not to leave rehab area until authorized by rehab leader or SAM
58
Rehab
Rest:
- after every 45 minutes or whenever deplete 2 air cylinders
59
Rehab
PFA adheres to the following exam results and actions
- if heart rate exceeds 110 beats per minute, an oral or tympanic temp should be taken
- if temp exceeds 100.6 f, FF should remove PPE
- if temp is below 100.6 f, and Heart rate remains above 110 bpm, rehab time should be increased
- if < 110 bpm, the chance for heat stress is negligible
60
ISO
The following conditions require an ISO to be assigned:
- a second or greater alarm incident
- a FF injury requires transport of LODD occurs
- whenever FF must take extreme risks of the IC wants to delegate the safety responsibilities
61
ISO
Ensures or evaluates the following:
- monitor the scene and provides the IC with reports on conditions, hazards, risks
- make sure an accountability system is in place
- determines need for collapse zones, hot zones, and or safety zones. Ensures these are known to all personnel.
- ensure rapid intervention crews is in place
- advise IC on the potential for collapse or fire extension, rapid fire progress, and access egress
- ensure rehab has been established
- monitor vehicle traffic near an incident to ensure the safety of responders
62
Radio communications
VHF
- VHF bendix King pack set: the top left toggle switch should be in the high wattage (5 watt) for best results
- VHF pack set battery is non-rechargeable. Batteries need to be replaced when voltage drops below 12 volts
63
Radio communications
FFs not able to get out urgent message:
- the operator should select channel 16 and contact the IC, who SHALL be monitoring this channel
- after completion of the feed back loop, they should return to the assigned tactical talk group
- pack set failure due to interior building position = direct 1 channel 16
64
Radio communications
Patching
- 100 can patch 800 talk groups. Ex PFA and FCPS
- LCSO dispatch (900) can also patch some talk groups and VHF
- PECC (100) is unable to patch 800 and VHF
