Other Individuals - Hexco (R-Z)

Question 1

Radcliffe, Cyril

Answer 1

• chairman of the committee to draw and negotiate the border between Indian and Pakistan in 1947
• his map split the regions of Punjab, Kashmir, and Bengal between Indian and Pakistan on Aug 9, 1947
• led to over 14 million people migrating across the new boundaries and widespread violence between the various religion and ethnic groups

Question 2

Rahman, Ziaur

Answer 2

• 7th president of Bangladesh from 1977 until his assassination in 1981
• assisted the Bangladesh Army during the independence war from Pakistan
• established free press, free speech, free market econ, and many gov programs to improve the standard of living
• survived over 20 coups to remove him from power but was eventually assassinated by a group of army officers

Question 3

Rajapaksa, Mahinda

Answer 3

• let the fight against the LTTE with violent military tactics that were investigated by the UN as war crimes
• developed infrastructure projects which led to investigations by the International Monetary Fund
• lost 2015 election, attempted a coup to reinstate himself as leader, but failed
• family’s pol party (Sri Lankan People’s Front) won the majority and he was named Prime Minister
• protests led to his removal in office in 2022

Question 4

Rokeya, Begum

Answer 4

• writer and feminist that supported women’s liberation in South Asia
• advocated from gender equality and increased edu support for women
• founded the Muslim Women’s Association, Bengal Women’s Education Conference, and Indian Women’s Conference
• Dec 9 known as Rokeya Day in Bangladesh to celebrate her writing and achievements

Question 5

Salam, Abdus

Answer 5

• theoretical physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979 for work on electroweak unification theory
• began space and nuclear programs in Pakistan
• advocated for increasing science edu in developing countries even after he left Pakistan after a new Pakistani law declared him non - Muslim in 1974

Question 6

Shankar, Ravi

Answer 6

• composer and Indian sitarist
• helped popularize Indian instruments while pushing for social reform and relief for victims in Bangladesh
• awarded Bharat Ratna and 5 Grammys

Question 7

Sharif, Nawaz

Answer 7

• prime minister of Pakistan 3 times
• reduced gov corruption and privatization of industries
• expanded nuclear energy and atomic programs (led to tense US relations)
• exiled to Saudi Arabia when ousted by mil forces
• reelected as prime minister in 2013 for the 3rd time
• 2017, removed from office by Supreme Court after release of Panama Papers

Question 8

Sharif, Shehbaz

Answer 8

• prime minister of Pakistan since 2022, after no-confidence vote against Imran Khan
• leader of Pakistan Muslim Leage
• investigations for money laundering, acceptance of gifts and bribes, and stolen funds for earthquake victims

Question 9

Singh, Milkha

Answer 9

• track and field sprinter
• Asian Games, Commonwealth Games, and Summer Olympics
• known as “Flying Sikh”
• set Indian national record for the 400 meter spring at 45.73 secs which lasted for 40 yrs

Question 10

Subbulakshmi, Madurai Shanmukhavadivu

Answer 10

• singer of Carnatic Indian music
• actress in many Tamil films
• first musician to be awarded the Bharat Ratna

Question 11

Vajpayee, Atal Bihari

Answer 11

• prime minster of Indian 3 times and was in parliament for over 50 yrs
• led econ and infrastructural reforms, encouraged research, and attempted to reduce waste
• one of the most successful prime ministers of India, being praised by opposition pol parties

Question 12

Wangchuck, Jigme Dorji

Answer 12

• Dragon King of Bhutan from 1952 until death in 1972
• led pol and social reforms to open Bhutan to the world and expanded democracy
• expanded edu opportunities while keeping Buddhism as a central theme
• Bhutan joined the UN in 1971
• died of heart problems in 1972

Question 13

Wazed, Sheikh Hasina

Answer 13

• current prime minister of Bangladesh since 2009
• long serving prime minister in Bangladesh history and world’s longest serving female head of gove in history
• received criticism for human rights violations
• praised for reducing poverty and helping Rohingya refugees

Question 14

Yousafzai, Malala

Answer 14

• Pakistani female leader and activist
• won Nobel Peace Prize in 2014
• advocated human rights and edu of women and children
• survived assassination attempt in 2012 by Taliban where she was shot in the head

Question 15

Zafar, Bahadur Shah

Answer 15

• last Mughal emperor in India
• lended his title to revolutionaries during the Rebellion of 1857 and took ownership of the actions of the mutineers
• arrested, put on trial, and exiled to Rangoon

Question 16

Zardari, Asif Ali

Answer 16

• president of Pakistan from 2008 to 2013
• strong ally of the US in the War of Terror in Afghanistan
• Pakistan People’s Party
• first president to complete hist constitutional term
• arrested for money laundering and corruption charges

Question 17

Zia, Khaleda

Answer 17

• prime minister of Bangladesh in the 19902 and 2000s
• leader of Bangladesh Nationalist Party
• led econ and edu reforms, improved relations with neighboring countries, traveled to meet w other pol leaders
• investigated for corruption
• sentenced to jail for over 10 yrs but was released in 2020 under house arrest

Question 18

Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad

Answer 18

• president of Pakistan in 1979 until his death in 1988
• organized Operation Fair Play to remove the current prime minister, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, which allowed him to become elected the following year
• industrialized Pakistan, increased its atomic projects, and helped Afghanistan fight the Soviet Union
• died in a plane crash in 1988