Ottawa St. Lawrence Lowland

Question 1

Cattail Marshes experience this every year (change in water)

Answer 1

Perioding Flooding and Drawdowns

Question 2

Cattails use what kind of seed dispersal?

Answer 2

Wind dispersal

Question 3

Do Cattails form a floating mat?

Answer 3

Yes, they do, similar to sphagnum moss

Question 4

What is the significance of the Marsh Fern?

Answer 4

It is an indicator of Cattail Marshes

Question 5

What kind of moth is associated with Cattail Marshes?

Answer 5

Cattail Moth Caterpillar - they eat the cattail

Question 6

These mammals love cattail marshes and females sometimes kill their neighbours babies. What are they?

Answer 6

Muskrats

Question 7

This bird is polygamous and Males commonly assert their territory in marsh environments. What is it?

Answer 7

Red-winged blackbird

Question 8

What other birds are common in Cattail Marshes?

Answer 8

Common Yellowthroat, Marsh wren, Pied-billed Grebes

Question 9

What is significant about the Virginia Rail?

Answer 9

It is an indicator species of Cattail Marshes

Question 10

Cattails are not submergent but?

Answer 10

Emergent

Question 11

How does Duckweed grow?

Answer 11

Duckweed is floating vegetation and grows on water surface

Question 12

White Water-lilies are submergent and Floating, how?

Answer 12

Their leaves and flowers float but their stems and rhizomes are submerged

Question 13

What other type of lily grows in Cattail Marshes?

Answer 13

Yellow Pond-lily

Question 14

What are Marsh Bluets?

Answer 14

Common Marsh Damselflies

Question 15

What is the dominant group of dragonflies in Marshes?

Answer 15

Skimmers

Question 16

What kind of herps live in Cattail Marshes?

Answer 16

Bullfrogs, Water Snakes, Painted Turtles, Snapping Turtles

Question 17

What difference does the Painted Turtle in the Boreal forest have from the one found in the Great Lakes and ottawa lowland?

Answer 17

Their underside of the shell has a different appearance and pattern

Question 18

What is significant about the Snapping turtle?

Answer 18

It reaches its Northern limits are in the GL-SL region

Question 19

What kind of bigger birds are common in Cattail Marshes?

Answer 19

American bitterns, Least bitterns (threatened), Great Blue Heron, Great Egrets, Black-crowned Night-heron (feed at night and roost during the day), Green Heron

Question 20

What Ducks are found in Marshes?

Answer 20

Wood ducks, Mallards, other puddle ducks

Question 21

What are the two different types of cattails?

Answer 21

Broad leaf and narrow leaf, broad are native and narrow are not

Question 22

What kind of bedrock underlies the Ottawa-SL Lowland?

Answer 22

Predominantly sedimentary limestone

Question 23

What kind of plant is abundant in Cedar Wood swamps?

Answer 23

There are a large diversity of orchids in Cedar swamps, such as the Round-leaved Orchid

Question 24

What other kind of plant is present in cedar swamps that inhabits openings?

Answer 24

Yellow-lady’s slipper and also showy Lady’s slipper

Question 25

What kinds of herps are present in Cedar swamps?

Answer 25

Wood frog and Blue-spotted Salamander

Question 26

What kind of habitat is rare in the lowlands?

Answer 26

Peatlands are rare, however there are some fens rich in nutrients

Question 27

What kinds of plants would be present in fens in the lowland because of the nutrients present?

Answer 27

Many orchids because of the vast amount of calcium

Question 28

What is significant about the Elfin Skimmer?

Answer 28

It is the smallest dragonfly in north america

Question 29

What are the names of the two important fens?

Answer 29

White Lake fen and Richmond Fen

Question 30

What bird reaches its southern limit in the alfred bog?

Answer 30

The Palm Warbler

Question 31

How was the Ottawa-SL lowland affected by the champlain sea?

Answer 31

It left behind huge deposits of clay and sand

Question 32

What kind of beetle is present in Slack Road Sand dunes?

Answer 32

Ghost Tiger Beetle

Question 33

What grows in the Constance Bay Sands?

Answer 33

Orange Milkweed

Question 34

What problems does forest fragmentation create?

Answer 34

size of habitat too small for deep forest species to survive, Lack of recruitment (no more influx of species), Increased Brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds, Increased predation (cats kill 200 million birds per year in canada)

Question 35

What kind of birds live in field habitats?

Answer 35

Killdeer, Upland sandpiper, american crow, Ring-billed Guls

Question 36

Where do Horned larks nest?

Answer 36

In plowed Fields

Question 37

Farm fields can resemble the habitat of which region?

Answer 37

The tundra

Question 38

The first plants to grow in fields always display these two characteristics

Answer 38

Wind-dispersal and adaptations for sunny habitats

Question 39

What kind of small mammals are common in plowed fields?

Answer 39

Meadowvoles

Question 40

What is a fallow field?

Answer 40

A field that is let to grow wild

Question 41

The Northern Shrike is only present in Fallow fields during what seasons?

Answer 41

Late fall and winter

Question 42

What are the main predatory birds which feed on meadow voles in Fallow fields?

Answer 42

Red-tailed hawk, Short-eared owl, snowy owl, Great-grey owl (usually only during irruptions)

Question 43

What kind of mammals hunt in fallow fields?

Answer 43

Red Fox and Easter Coyote

Question 44

What are the major differences between the Eastern Coyote and the Eastern Wolf?

Answer 44

The coyote has a different snout and vocalizations, as well as the fact that wolves do not hunt in open fields

Question 45

What are the main characteristics of fallow field plants?

Answer 45

Shade-intolerant, Small leaves at 45 degrees, wind or animal seed dispersal, non-native

Question 46

What are some of the non-native plants present in fallow fields?

Answer 46

Dandelion, Blueweed, Chicory, Queen anne's lace, Ox-eye Daisy

Question 47

What are some of the non-native animals present in fallow fields?

Answer 47

Grey Partridge, Ring-necked pheasants (spurs on the back of their legs), Wild turkeys (also have a spur on the back of their legs)

Question 48

What globally rare habitat is found in the GL-SL lowlands?

Answer 48

Alvars - flat limestone with very little soil over it

Question 49

What are some indicators of Alvars?

Answer 49

Fringed Gentian, Calciphiles (yellow lady's slipper), Ram's-head lady's slipper, Eastern Red Cedars (loggerhead shrikes nest in these/impale their prey on hawthorne bushes)

Question 50

What endangered habitat is present in Rice Lake plains?

Answer 50

Tallgrass prairie with prairie cord grass and big bluestem

Question 51

Oak savannah is also a tall grass prairie but has what characteristic?

Answer 51

10-30% tree cover, white and black oaks, and prairie species (lupines, prairie buttercup, Mottle Duskwing)

Question 52

what animal is considered to be "the currency of the wild"?

Answer 52

Meadow voles

Question 53

What plants/rare butterfly are found at Newington bog?

Answer 53

Leatherleaf, bog laurel, Rhodora (new site for this) | Rare butterfly- bog elfin (found in a few locations)

Question 54

What is found at mere bleue trail?

Answer 54

Peatland, Labrador tee, cotton grass, laurels, leatherleaf, Witch's broom, Spotted turtle (endangered and extremely rare)

Question 55

What Birds exploit slack road sand dunes for nest sites?

Answer 55

They burrow holes into the side of the sand: Belted kingfisher (catch fish- massive heads, big bills, band on upper chest). Bank swallow (dig cavities in sand banks, live in colonies) (bank burrowing brown birds, band on upper chest)