Outcome 3

Question 1

Juvenile

Answer 1

5 weeks and 18 weeks, breed dependent
Physiological development and growth is still happening - higher levels of protein, calcium and fat.
Fed on “puppy” food until 12-18 weeks and then transferred to adult food.

Question 2

Adult

Answer 2

2 to 7 years, breed dependent
Physiological development and growth has typically completed.
Adult food is available in various brands.

Question 3

Geriatric

Answer 3

Over 7 years of age.
Activity levels and metabolic processes tend to slow down.
Senior food available across various brands.

Question 4

Balanced Diet

Answer 4

A diet which ensures that an animal receives the correct nutrients in the appropriate quantities.

Question 5

Complete Food

Answer 5

A single food item that provides an animal with all the nutrients they require, and as such they do not need to be fed anything extra.

Question 6

Supplements

Answer 6

Vitamins and/or minerals that are added to an animal’s diet in either tablet, liquid or powder form.

Question 7

Calcium

Answer 7

Calcium supplements are often given to reptiles and are used in conjunction with a UV lamp in order to prevent metabolic bone disease.
The use of either a lamp or the calcium supplement alone would not be effective. The two need to be used together to prevent the disease.

Question 8

What factors influence nutritional requirements?

Answer 8

Activity Levels
Species 
Age/life stage 
Size
Availability of food
Overall health

Question 9

Extreme changes in diet

Answer 9

Can lead to animals refusing to eat
Allergies may not be known
Sudden change in type/amount of food can cause stress

Question 10

Calories

Answer 10

A single calorie is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degrees celsius.
Physical activity burns calories. Including sleeping.

Question 11

Resting Energy Requirement (RER)

Answer 11

For dogs and cats,
RER= (30 x body weight in kg) + 70 kcal/day.
Internal processes include: digestion, muscle repair and growth.

Question 12

Daily Energy Requirement (DER)

Answer 12

DER= RER x Factor

Refers to the complete amount of energy an animal needs per day.

Question 13

Metabolic Energy (ME)

Answer 13

Refers to the energy available to satisfy an animal's energy requirements, after considering processes in which energy is lost.
3.5 x protein (grams)
8.46 x fat (grams)
3.5 x carbohydrates (grams)
Total = ME

Question 14

Ration

Answer 14

Ration = DER/ME x 100