Ovarian Cancer Flashcards
Which cancers tend to spread metastatically via blood?
LESS COMMON
- Bone tumours
- Soft tissue tumours (sarcoma)
What cancers tend to spread metastatically via lymph?
MORE COMMON
- Melanoma
- Breast
- Lung
- GI
In what age group does ovarian cancer typically present?
Elderly women
What is the most common type of ovarian tumour?
Epithelial (serous)
Why is ovarian cancer the leading cause of death from gynae malignancy in the UK?
Bc it often presents late due to non-specific symptoms
What are risk factors for ovarian cancer?
- Nulliparity
- Early menarche/late menopause
- BRCA 1/2
What are protective factors for ovarian cancer?
- Pregnancy
- Breastfeeding
- COCP
What are symptoms of ovarian cancer?
- Non-specific - bloating, weight loss, fatigue, early satiety
- ± Urinary symptoms e.g. frequency/urgency
- ± Change in bowel habit
- ± Abdominal or pelvic pain
- ± Vaginal bleeding
- ± Pelvic mass
What is ovarian cancer often misinterpreted as?
IBS, diverticular disease
What blood tests would you do in ovarian cancer?
- FBC, U&E, LFTs
- CA-125
- AFP, LDH, HCG (if < 40)
What is the tumour marker in ovarian cancer?
CA-125
How do you diagnose ovarian cancer?
TVUS (transvaginal ultrasound)
What other imaging might you do in ovarian cancer?
- CXR (staging)
- CT abdo/pelvis
- MRI
How do you treat ovarian cancer?
Chemo and surgery
