OVERALL KEY DEFINITIONS Flashcards
1
Q
Agricultural conservation easement (ACE)
A
is a voluntary, legally recorded deed restricting development on farmland. Land subjected to an ACE is generally restricted to farming and open space use. While other benefits may accrue because the land is not developed (e.g., scenic and habitat values), the easement must stipulate that the
primary use of the land is agricultural. Such an easement prohibits practices that would damage or interfere with the agricultural use of the land. Because the easement is a
restriction on the deed of the property, the easement remains in effect even when the land changes ownership (i.e., designated in perpetuity).
2
Q
Farmland of local importance:
A
Soils important to the local economy due to their productivity and which may include tracts of land that have been designated for agriculture by local ordinance.
Each state NRCS or local ordinance designates which soils qualify.
3
Q
Farmland of state importance:
A
Soils that do not meet all of the prime farmland criteria but that are still able to economically produce high yields of crops when treated and managed according to acceptable farming methods.
Each state NRCS or local ordinance designates which soils qualify.
4
Q
Healthy Soils
A
Soils that have not been signif. disturbed by previous human development.
May include:
- Soil horizons similar to that of the reference soil
- Bulk densities that do not exceed the max allowable bulk densisties shown in
- Organic matter content similar to that of the ref soil
- Soil chem chracteristics similar to that of ref soil
- Absence of toxins towards plants
- Presence of vegetation that reps native plant communities.
5
Q
Infill Site
A
Property that meets any of the following 4 conditions:
1. At least 75% of boundary borders land parcels that individually are at least 50% previously developed & that aggregate are at least 75% previously developed
2. The site & bordering parcels form aggregate parcel whose perimeter is 75% bordered by parcels that each are at least 50% developed.
3. At least 75% of the land area, exclusive of rights-of-way, within a .5 mile distance from the SITES project boundary is previously developed.
4. The lands within a .5 mile distance from the proj. boundary have a pre-project connectivity of at least 140 intersections per square mile.
6
Q
Previously developed site:
A
At least 75% of the site are that has been altered by pre-existing paving, construction, or land use that would typically have required regulatory permitting to have been initiated. Altered landscapes resulting from current or historical clearing or filling, ag or forestry use, or preserved natural areas are considered undeveloped areas.
7
Q
Prime farmland:
A
Designation of specific soils by the state or NRCS.
Best combo of physical & chemical characteristics for producing food. Cannot be urban built-up land or water.
8
Q
Unique farmland
A
Refers to land other than prime farmland that is used for the production of specific high-value food and fiber crops. It has special combo of soil quality, location, growing season, and moisture supply needed to economically produce sustained high quality or high yields of a specific crop when treated and managed according to acceptable farming methods. State or NRCS designates these.
9
Q
VSPZs
A
Vegetation and soil protection zones. Areas identified during the pre-design phase that will be protected from all disturbances throughout construction process to prevent damage.
10
Q
100-Year Floodplain
A
Includes all areas below the 100-year flood elevations of waterways of all sizes.
FEMA flood insurance rate map: Zones A, AE, A1-A30, AH, AO, AR, A99, V, and VE.
11
Q
Brownfield
A
Abandoned, idled, or underused industrial and commercial facility or site where expansion or redevelopment is complicated by real or perceived environmental contamination.
Can be defined by a local, state, or federal government agency.
12
Q
Floodplain
A
Flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a stream or river that stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls and that experiences flooding during periods of high discharge. Floodplains are subject to geomorphic and hydrologic processes.
13
Q
Minimal impact site development
A
Development that does not significantly alter existing vegetation and hydrology of the VSPZs
14
Q
Previously developed site
A
At least 75% of the site area that has been altered by pre-existing development.
15
Q
Marine
A
Tidal wetlands, shorelines, mudflats, reefs
Buffer designation:
200 feet landward from normal high tide line
16
Q
Estuarine
A
Bays, lagoons, marshes
Buffer designation:
100 feet landward from the normal high tide line
17
Q
Riverine
A
Streams, Rivers (associated floodplains & their riparian buffer)
Buffer designation:
Tidal - 100 feet landward from normal high tide line
Lower & upper perennial - 100 feet from the ordinary high water mark or the 100-year floodplain, whichever is greater
Intermittent and unknown perennial - 50 feet from the ordinary high water mark or the 100-year floodplain, whichever is greater
18
Q
Lacustrine
A
Lakes, ponds (associated shorelines & their riparian buffer)
Buffer designation:
Water body greater than 50 contiguous acres - 100 feet landward from the normal water edge.
Water body less than 50 contiguous acres - 50 feet landward from the normal water edge.
19
Q
Palustrine
A
Non-tidal wetlands, seeps, springs, vernal pools, seasonal wetlands.
Buffer designation:
100 feet landward from the delineated edge of the delineated wetland.
20
Q
Deepwater habitat
A
Permanently flooded land lying below the deepwater boundary of wetlands
21
Q
Geographic extent
A
Refers to the measure of spatial extent bounded by a polygon with X and Y coordinates. It is described as the range, magnitude, or distance over which an aquatic ecosystem extends (Ex- the full area measurement from north to south and east to west).
22
Q
Isolated wetland
A
Wetland with no surface water connections to other aquatic resources
23
Q
Riparian buffer
A
Portion of adjacent land ecosystem that directly affects / is affected by the aquatic environment. May also include a portion of the hillslope that directly serves as streamside habitats for wildlife.
Provides shade, intercepts runoff, and helps prevent erosion.
24
Q
Wetlands
A
Areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water (ex- swamps, marshes, bogs) that support a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated conditions.
25
Habitat
The area or natural environment in which an organism or population normally lives. A habitat is made up of physical factors, such as soil, moisture, range of temperature & availability of light. & Biotic factors like food / presence of predators.
26
Habitat assessment
Visual, spatial, and temporal analysis of environmental data to determine types, distribution, and amount of habitat on a given site.
This includes an inventory of geology, soils, water resources, and plant communities.
Use to identify potential habitat for species of concern on site.
27
Basic service
Includes: a bank, licensed child-care facility,
community or civic center, convenience store, farmers market, food store with produce,
hair care establishment, hardware store, health club or recreation facility, laundromat
or dry cleaner, library, medical or dental office, museum, park, stand-alone pharmacy,
place of worship, police or fire station, post office, restaurant, school, senior-care
facility, social services center, supermarket, and theater.
**An infill site is a property that meets any one of the following
28
Walking distance
the distance a pedestrian must travel between origins and destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable environment such as on a continuous network of sidewalks, all-weather surface footpaths, crosswalks, pedestrian transit malls, or equivalent pedestrian facilities in dedicated right of ways (ROWs)
29
Bicycle Lane
Striped lane designated for 1-way travel by a bike on a street or highway.
Standard bike lane width measured from face of curb to painted boundary should be at least 4 feet wide. If on-street parking is allowed, min lane width is 5 feet.
30
Bicycle Network
Continuous path consisting of:
physically designated in-street bike lanes at least 5 feet wide, off-street bike paths or trails at least 8 feet wide for a 2-way path and at least 5 feet wide for a one-way path, or streets designed for a target speed of 25 mph or slower.
31
Shared Lane Marking (SLM)
Marking on a street (typically with speed limit below 35 MPH) that indicates cyclists are allowed to travel in a roadway too narrow to separate vehicles & cyclist lanes. These markings encourage safe passing of cyclists by motorists, reduce the chance of a cyclist hitting the open door of a parked vehicle in a shared lane with on-street parallel parking, alert road users of the lateral location cyclists may occupy, and reduce the incidence of wrong-way cycling.
32
Site user
Individual who is expected to occupy, work at, or pass through the site. Users may visit the site regularly or periodically. Site users will range in age, ethnicity, and socio-economic status, but all users' needs should be considered.
33
Integrated design team
Incl. the owner, client, and professionals knowledgeable in design, construction, and maintenance. Should be selected to meet unique sites.
34
Principles & performance goals
Principles: guiding overarching concepts
Perf. Goals: Observable, measurable end results of having one or more objectives achieved within a relatively fixed time frame.
35
Program plan
Narrative or written design that provides a mechanism for clearly stating the vision & desired outcomes of the project & setting the direction of the design team.
36
Stakeholder
An individual or group who has a vested interest in the project. May be a neighbor, public official, community leader, local community group, or business organization.
37
Appropriate plant species
Vegetation adapted to site conditions, climate, and design intent.
Consider: cold hardiness, heat tolerance, salt tolerance, soil moisture range, plant water use requirements, soil volume requirements, soil pH requirements, sun and shade requirements, pest susceptibility, and maintenance requirements.
Native & Non-native appropriate if they meet this criteria.
38
Bicycle Rack
Device consistent with industry standards, capable of supporting a bike in a stable position, is made of durable materials, is no less than 36" tall from base to top of rack & no less than 1.5' in length. It permits the securing of the bike frame & one wheel with a U shaped lock, of character & color aesthetically adds to environment.
39
Created water feature
Human-made object or feature that uses water for aesthetic purposes. Features include constructed wetlands (ornamental or water cleansing), ponds, streams, pools, fountains, and water gardens. Can include full human or limited human contact.
Water intended for human contact must meet local & state health requirements.
40
Cultural landscape
Geographic area, including both cultural & natural resources, wildlife / domestic animals, associated with a historic event, activity, or person or exhibiting other cultural or aesthetic values.
The quality of significance in history, architecture, archeology, engineering, LA, and culture is present in cultural landscapes that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, association, and:
--That are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the
broad patterns of history; or
--That are associated with the lives of significant persons in the past; or
--That embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of
construction, or that represent the work of a master craftsman or designer, or
that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable
entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or
--That has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in history or
prehistory. U.S. National Park Service, www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/
nrb15/nrb15_2.htm.
41
Diameter at Breast Height (DBH)
Standard method for determining the trunk diameter of a standing tree.
DBH measured in inches at 4.5 feet off the ground on the uphill side.
Wounds, branches, multiple stems & defects may change how diameter is measured.
42
Disturbed soils
All areas of soils disturbed by human development activities.
Indicators of disturbed soils may have one or more of the following:
- Soil horizons that differ signif in depth, testure, or physical / chem properties from the ref soil.
- Bulk densities that exceed the max allowable bulk densities shown in P7.3
- Organic matter content lower than that of the ref soil.
- Soil chem characteristics dif from that of the ref soil.
- Presence of compounds toxic to the intended plants.
- Presence of weedy, opportunistic, or invasive plant species.
43
Invasive species
Plant or animal that is not native to the ecosystem under consideration & that causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human, animal, or plant health.
44
Native plant
Vegetation native to the EPA Level III ecoregion of the site or known to naturally occur within 200 miles of the site.
Naturally occurring hybrids, varieties, and cultivars of species native to the ecoregion are acceptable.
45
Native plant community
Vegetation native to the EPA Level III ecoregion of the site or known to naturally occur within 200 miles of the site.
Include but aren't limited to: wetlands, woodlands, grasslands, riparian buffers, & habitat for wildlife specifics of concern within the region.
A ref from a local plant list, local ref to site, or published plant comm description is needed to determine the dominant plant species, relative species abundances, and other characteristic elements of the plant comm to be preserved or restored.
46
Non-potable water source
Can be harvested rainwater, surplus water from building or site operations that has been appropriately cleansed and cooled, or surplus site water that is not needed to maintain existing or restored site ecology. It does not include natural surface or subsurface water resources.
47
Organic matter
In soil is carbon-containing material composed of both living organisms and formerly living decomposing plant and animal matter. Soil organic matter (SOM) content can be supplemented with compost or other partially decomposed plant and animal material. SOM content is commonly measured using “loss on ignition” tests that measure the amount of the element carbon, a key constituent of all organic matter.
48
Pesticide
Chemical used to control or eradicate insects, plants, animals, pathogens, & any other undesirable living organisms.
49
Potable water
Water that meets standards for drinking purposed of the State or local authority having jurisdiction, or water that meets the standards prescribed by the ES EPA's National Primary Water Regulations.
50
Reference soil
Falls into at least one of these categories:
--Soils native to a site as described in Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil
Surveys (refer to soils within the region if the site soils are not mapped or labeled
as Urban Land Complex, Urban Fill, etc.)
--For sites that have no undisturbed native soils, use undisturbed native soils within
the site’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil textures similar
to the site.
--For sites that have no existing soil, use undisturbed native soils within the site’s
region that support appropriate native plants or appropriate plant species similar
to those intended for the new site.
51
Renewable energy source
Includes nonpolluting renewable energy generation methods, such as solar, wind, geothermal, small-scale or micro hydroelectric, and biomass.
Purchased renewables must meet the Center for Resource Solutions (CRS) Green-e products certification requirements. Other sources are elig. if they satisfy the program's technical requirements.
52
Salvaged or reused material
Recovered from existing building or site an is employed on site without change to its condition. Structures, materials, plants and rocks preserved in situ & new materials with recycled content do not qualify.
53
Severely disturbed soils
Soils in which topsoil is removed or is not present; subsoils compacted such that compaction levels exceed the maximum allowable bulk densities shown in Construction P7.3: Restore soils disturbed during construction Figure 7.3-A; or topsoil or subsoil that has been chemically contaminated or is covered with impervious material. Examples of soils that are severely disturbed include areas that are covered with buildings or paved surfaces and areas that are defined as brownfields by local, state, or federal agencies.
54
Special status vegetation
Designated as important by local, state, or federal entities. Designations may be for size, species, age, rare or special status collections, ecological & environmental value, unique genetic resources, aesthetics, location, or other unique characteristics. Groves & clusters may also be given special status.
55
Terrestrial biome
Largest unit of vegetation type within the biosphere, with small plant architecture & character, comm structure, and climate (ex- tropical rainforest, or coral reef).
56
Program Plan
Narrative or written design that provides mechanism for clearly stating the vision and desired outcomes of the project & setting the direction of the design team.
57
Schematic desgin
Phase during which the concept & basic framework for the design of the project are completed.
58
Bioswale
Linear stormwater runoff feature. Used as an alt to storm sewers to treat water quality, address flooding potential, & convey stormwater
59
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks. IPM is site-specific.
Emphasizes reduction of pesticide use & implementation of preventative & alt control measures.
60
raingarden
Depression formed on a natural slope & planted with deep-rooted native plants and grasses designed to hold & absorb rainwater from nearby impervious services.
61
Receiving waters
Include groundwater, creeks, streams, rivers, lakes, or other water bodies that receive treated or untreated stormwater.
62
Specific pollutant of concern
Pollutant listed in the US Clean Water Act Cause of Impairment for 303(d) Listed Waters.
63
Stormwater Feature
Uses precipitation as its sole source & function as an element to manage stormwater. Examples include pools, fountains, stormwater BMPs, water gardens, channels for local conveyance, raingardens & water art.
64
Athletic field
Includes land that is dedicated to organized team sports, involves high intensity use.
65
Baseline
Amount of water required by a site if watered at 100% of local reference evapotranspiration.
66
Establishment period
Begins at the time veg is planted. Max of 3 years for trees, 2 years for shrubs, and 1 year for herbaceous cover.
Est period must be appropriate for plant species, climate, and soil.
67
Graywater
Domestic wash water from kitchen, bathroom, laundry sinks, tubs and washers, conventionally thought of as wastewater.
68
Hydrozone
Grouping of plants with similar water and environmental requirements for irrigation with one or more common station or zone valves.
69
Landscape coefficient (K)
Constant used to modify the reference evapotranspiration. Takes into account species factor, density factor, microclimate factor.
Density factor & microclimate factor both equal approximately 1.
HIGH = more water needs
LOW = little water needs
70
Landscape Water Allowance (LWA)
Volume of water allocated to the entire landscape area over a specified period of time.
71
Landscape Water Requirement (LWR)
Amount of water required by the landscape over a specified period of time.
72
Peak watering month
Period with the greatest deficit between evapotranspiration and rainfall. The month when plants in a sites region require the most supplemental water.
73
Vegetated area
All portions of the site that will support vegetation
74
Water budget
Used to calc the amount of water a landscape needs, taking into account inputs & outputs of water. Use the EPA WaterSense WaterBudget.
75
Water meter
Instrument or device for measuring & registering the quantity of water flowing through a pipe.
76
Discharge rate limit
Is met if:
- The discharge of the design storm occurring over a period of not less than 36-48 hours
- The discharge flow duration curve matches the greenfield flow duration curve for channel forming discharges
- For infill & redevelopment projects, the project's discharge flow duration curve must match the pre-project flow duration curve for channel forming discharges
77
Reclaimed water
effluent derived from sewage from a wastewater treatment system that has been adequately and reliably treated
78
Conveyance feature
Network of gutters & pipes designed to move water from a surface to a storage container.
79
Mature, stable compost
Important amendment for healthy plant growth. Stability refers to the rate of biological breakdown, measured by carbon dioxide release. Maturity refers to completeness of the aerobic composting process & suitability as a plant growth media, often measured by ammonia release or by plant growth tests.
80
Control of Invasives
Appropriate eradication, suppression, reduction, or
management of invasive species populations, prevention of the spread of invasive
species from areas where they are present, and taking of steps such as restoration of
native or appropriate species and habitats to reduce the effects of invasive species and
to prevent further invasion.
81
Management of Invasives
is the implementation of control measures to prevent the
spread of invasive species or lessen their impacts when they appear to be permanently
established. Control and management of invasive species encompasses diverse
objectives such as eradication within an area, population suppression, limiting spread,
and reducing effects. Complete eradication is not generally feasible for widespread
invasive species or where adequate control methods are not available.
82
Plant health care (PHC)
Process of scheduled preventative maintenance based on
monitoring and use of cultural and chemical tactics to enhance plant vitality. The plant
and its requirements become the central focus of activities, rather than responding to
symptoms caused by pest presence, physical agents, or nutritional deficiencies. A plant
health care practice addresses the basic causes of the reduction in plant health and
provides corrective measures to promote plant health.
83
Biomass density index (BDI)
Density of plant layers covering the ground.
Calculated by summing the existing or proposed biomass value as a proportion of total site area (not including water or invasive species) for all on-site structural vegetation types.
84
Heat islands
Thermal gradient differences between developed and undeveloped areas.
85
Open-grid pavement
pavement that's at least 50% imperious & contains vegetation in the open cells.
86
Solar reflectance (SR)
Fraction of solar energy that is reflected by a surface on a scale of 0 to 1. Black paint has reflectance of 0, white paint has a solar reflectance of 1.
87
Solar reflectance index (SRI)
Measure of a material's ability to reject solar heat, as shown by a small temperature rise.
Standard black is 0 and standard white is 1
88
regularly occupied building
bldg where occupants are inside for extended periods of time.
89
Assembly
An arrangement of more than one material or component to serve specific overall purposes.
90
Component
Any distinct, identifiable part of an assembly or landscape construction.
91
Design for disassembly
Design of the buildings or products to facilitate future change & the eventual dismantlement (in part of whole) for recovery of systems, components, and materials.
This design process includes developing the assemblies, components, materials, construction techniques, and information / management systems to accomplish this goal.
92
Dissassembly
Process of carefully taking apart constructed elements with the intention of either reusing or recycling materials. It may be undertaken during redevelopment, adaptation, or at the end of use on a site.
93
Replacement value
Can be determined by pricing a comparable material in the local market.
94
Reuse
Process of utilizing a used product or material in a manner that generally retains its original form & ID with minor refurbishments. Materials reusable in whole form might include sand-set pavers, segmental retaining walls, or mech. fasteners, connections, or joinery.
95
Recycled content
the proportion, by mass, of pre-consumer or post-consumer recycled material in a product. Salvaged materials do not qualify.
96
Post-consumer material
waste material generated by households or by commercial, industrial, and institutional facilities in their role as end-users of the product that can no longer be used for its intended purposes.
97
Pre-consumer material
Material diverted from the waste stream during manufact. process that could be use in a separate & dif manufacturing process.
Excluded are materials such as rework, regrind, or scrap generated during processing that are capable of being reclaimed with the same process that generated them.
98
Chemical hazard assessment
Refers to the process of identifying product
constituents; collecting, developing, and evaluating data on human health and
environmental endpoints such as carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, aquatic toxicity, and persistence; and identifying potential hazards. This process allows for comparisons of alternatives to determine relative “greenness” and safety. The process also identifies areas for improvement. Chemical hazard assessments, focused on inherent risks of chemicals, do not take into account exposure scenarios as a more in-depth and lengthy risk assessment would.
99
Chemical inventory
Refers to the listing of all chemicals associated with the manufacturing of a material and should include, to the extent known or reasonably ascertainable, all chemicals intentionally added by the manufacturer, any intermediate chemicals that may be wholly or partially consumed during the manufacturing process, and any
process chemicals that may end up in manufacturing effluent or be otherwise released.
100
Salvaged or reused material
is recovered from an existing building or site and employed on site without change to its condition. Structures, materials, plants, and rocks preserved in situ and new materials with recycled content do not qualify.
101
Environmental product declaration (EPD)
is a manufacturer declaration “providing quantified environmental data [based on an ISO 14040 LCA] using pre-defined parameters,
and, where relevant, additional environmental information” (ISO 14025, 2006a).
102
Life-cycle assessment (LCA)
is a “cradle-to-grave” approach for assessing industrial
systems. “Cradle-to-grave” begins with the gathering of raw materials from the earth
to create a product and ends at the point when all materials are returned to the earth.
Specifically, it is a technique to assess the environmental aspects and potential impacts
associated with a product, process, or service, by:
- Compiling an inventory of relevant energy and material inputs and environmental
releases
- Evaluating the potential environmental impacts associated with identified inputs
and releases
- Interpreting the results to help you make a more informed decision
103
Ongoing consumable
Material that is regularly used and replaced through the course of business.
Can include - paper, glass, plastics, cardboard, metals, etc.
104
Vegetation trimmings
include only non-invasive plant material free of disease and herbicide residues.
105
Natural surveillance
placement of physical features, activities, people, and amenities that maximize visibility and provide and encourage informal monitoring of the site.
106
Universal design
the design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design.
107
Equitable
is a publicly acknowledged commitment that the site and its use elements are available to and accessible by as many people as possible (including users, residents, and visitors); that barriers to access are identified and removed; and that this commitment to social inclusion is not limited by cultural, physical, or socio-economic considerations.
108
Free public site access
Includes free parking, free admission to events, and being regularly open to the public.
109
Physical activity
includes moderate-intensity activities in a usual week (e.g., brisk
walking, bicycling, gardening, anything that causes small increases in breathing or heart rate) for greater than or equal to 30 minutes per day, five or more days per week;
vigorous-intensity activities in a usual week (e.g., running, aerobics, heavy yard work, anything that causes large increases in breathing or heart rate) for greater than or equal to 20 minutes per day, three or more days per week; or both
110
Walkability audit
tool designed to broadly assess pedestrian facilities, destinations, and surroundings along and near a walking route and identify specific improvements that would make the route more attractive, safe, and convenient to pedestrians.
111
Bicycle-share program
A network of bicycles distributed around a city for public use at a low cost. Users can pick up bicycles at any designated self-serve station and
return them to any other such station. This functionality makes bicycle-shares ideal for Point-A-to-Point-B transportation.
112
Carpool
an arrangement in which two or more people share a vehicle for
transportation.
113
Car-share program
allows an individual who is a registered member of a car share
organization to use vehicles on an as-needed basis, typically by the hour. A member has access to a variety of vehicles that are maintained by the car share organization and stored at dispersed locations.
114
Long-term bicycle parking
The provision of bicycle storage (e.g., basic racks, bicycle corrals, hanging racks, lockers) that is indoor or sheltered, with semi-passive security (achieved by locks or surveillance) that is primarily intended for bicyclists who
need bicycle parking for more than two hours at a time.
115
Preferred parking
includes the parking spots that are closest to the main entrance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped) or parking passes
provided at a discounted price.
116
Short-term bicycle parking
is the provision of secure, well-designed bicycle racks or a bicycle corral that is conveniently located on the site or at the building entry and is
highly visible. It is intended for bicyclists who need parking for fewer than two hours.
117
Vehicle that has reduced emissions and/or high fuel-efficiency
A vehicle classified as a zero emission vehicles (ZEV) by the California Air Resources Board or has achieved a minimum green score of 40 on the American Council for an Energy
Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle-rating guide.
118
Tobacco smoke
Produced by the burning of any type of lighted pipe, cigar, cigarette, or other smoking equipment, whether filled with tobacco or any other type of material.
119
Living wage
is the hourly rate that an individual must earn to support his or her family, if he or she is the sole provider and is working full-time (2080 hours per year). The state minimum wage is the same for all individuals, regardless of how many dependents they may have. The poverty rate is typically quoted as gross annual income (Living Wage
Calculator, MIT).
120
Low-income
is defined by the poverty guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in the Federal Register, Vol. 77, No. 17, January 26,
2012, pp. 4034-4035 (www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/trio/incomelevels.html.)
121
Principles and performance goals
Are, respectively, the guiding overarching concepts
and the observable and measurable end results of having one or more objectives achieved within a relatively fixed time frame.
122
SITES Punchlist
is a set of line items to be carried out by a contractor in order to
achieve SITES prerequisites and credits.
123
Soil restoration treatment zone
is any area of the site that is not protected in a Vegetation and Soil Protection Zone (VSPZ); not covered at project’s end by buildings or pavement; and is re-vegetated as part of the project. Soil restoration treatment zones
must be shown on the soil management plan (Soil+Veg P4.1: Create and communicate a soil management plan) and must be restored as required by Construction P7.3:
Restore soils disturbed during construction.
124
Land-clearing materials
are plant material, mineral and rock waste, and soils generated during all phases of construction and demolition.
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