Overview of Hypersensitivity Flashcards
(20 cards)
described as defense mechanism by which the body rids itself of potentially harmful antigens
immune response
if antigen persists, the immune response can damage the _
host
defined as an exaggerated response to a typically harmless antigen that results in injury to the tissue, disease, or even death
hypersensitivity
Type I hypersensitivity reactions are also known as
anaphylactic hypersensitivity
exposure to an antigen induces production of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody, which binds to receptors on mast cells and basophils
type 1 (anaphylactic)
what specific immunoglobulin produced in type 1 hypersensitivity
IgE
type 1, produces IgE which binds to receptors on _ and _ that results in _
mast cells and basophils; degradation
type II hypersensitivity, also known as
antibody-mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) or immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies react with antigens on the surface of host cells.
type 2 (antibody-mediated cytotoxic)
type 2. _ and _ antibodies that reacts on the _ of host cells.
IgG and IgM; surface
This can lead to cell damage by complement-mediated lysis or other mechanisms, dysfunction of the cell by blocking the binding of a ligand to a surface receptor, or overstimulation of a cell’s function.
type 2 (antibody-mediated cytotoxic)
Type III hypersensitivity is also referred to as _
complex-mediated hypersensitivity
IgG or IgM antibodies react with soluble antigens to form small complexes that precipitate in the tissues and activate complement.
type 3 (complex-mediated)
type 3. _ or _ antibodies react with _ antigens to form small complexes that precipitate in the tissues and activate complement
IgG or IgM; soluble
type 3. Recruitment of _ to the site results in an inflammatory response that causes injury to the tissues.
neutrophils
Type IV hypersensitivity also known as
cell-mediated hypersensitivity
responsible for the symptoms that develop in type 4
sensitized T cells
cell-mediated hypersensitivity involves the release of _ that induce inflammation and tissue damage
cytokines
Types I through III are classified as _ reactions because symptoms develop within a few min- utes to a few hours after exposure to the antigen.
immediate hypersensitivity
Type IV hypersensitivity is sometimes referred to as _ because its manifestations are not seen until 24 to 48 hours after contact with the antigen.
delayed hypersensitivity
