Overview of Vascular System

Question 1

Differences in vasculature

Answer 1

Question 2

Peripheral Circulation - Functional Anatomy

Answer 2

1. Conductance vessels ‐ large arteries interconversion of pressure and elastic energy dampen ventricular pulse
2. Resistance vessels ‐ small arteries/arterioles
   ‐ large pressure change ‐ flow regulation
3. Exchange vessels ‐ capillaries & small venules nutrient delivery / metabolite removal
4. Capacitance vessels ‐ veins
   ‐ return at low pressure ‐ blood storage

Question 3

Blood Vessel Characteristics

Answer 3

Question 4

Blood Vessel Geometrics

Answer 4

Question 5

Arteries

Answer 5

Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood

under relatively high pressure (compared to veins) away from the heart and distribute it to the body.

Question 6

Basic Map of Circulation

Answer 6

Question 7

Veins

Answer 7

Veins generally return low‐ oxygen blood from capillary beds to the heart. The low oxygen content causes the blood to appear dark blue. Medium and large veins contain valves that assist venous return to the heart. Muscle contraction also helps to compress veins propelling the blood towards the heart.

Question 8

Effects of Loss of Venous Tone4

Answer 8

Loss of venous tone:

1. pooling
2. decreases venous return 3. decreases cardiac output 4. decreases arterial BP
3. syncope

Question 9

Prevention of Loss of Venous Tone

Answer 9

1. Reflex arterial vasoconstriction
2. Reflex venoconstriction
3. Skeletal muscle pump (legs)
4. Abdominal compression reflex

Question 10

Lymphatic Vessels

Answer 10

1. Similar to capillaries
2. Blind end
3. Wider, irregular lumen
4. Thin endothelium

Question 11

N418

Answer 11

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Question 12

N456

Answer 12

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Question 13

Avascular Necrosis from Scaphoid Fracture

Answer 13

Question 14

N4

Answer 14

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