Oxidation of food 1 Flashcards
(16 cards)
The flavours in foods is the result of …
a complex mixture of chemicals, including aldehydes and ketones, which both contain the carbonyl group
What is the functional group of aldehydes and ketones
Carbonyl group C=O
Describe aldehydes
aldehydes always have the carbonyl functional group at the end of the structure and at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl group.
Aldehydes have the name ending - al
Describe ketones
The Functional group is attached to intermediate carbons
Ketones have no hydrogens attached to the carbonyl group. There are always 2 carbons attached.
Ketones have the name endong - one
Molecule with the carbonyl group on the end. What is it?
aldehyde
Molecule with carbonyl group somewhere in the middle. What is it
ketone
Molecule with carbonyl group attached to 2 carbons
ketone
Carbonyl not attached to a hydrogen. Name the molecule
ketone
carbonyl has at least one hydrogen attached to it in a molecule. What is it
aldehyde
Are carbonyl compounds polar or non-polar
polar
Where is the dipole in a carbonyl compound
along the carbon-oxygen double bond
Describe the boiling points in aldehydes and ketones and explain fully
- Carbonyl compounds are polar with a dipole along the carbon-oxygen double bond.
- This creates PD-PD attractions between molecules
- Theses force of attraction result in aldehydes and ketones having boiling pints higher than equivalent alkane and lower than corresponding alcohol
Why is the boiling point of aldehydes and ketones lower than their corresponding alcohol
due to stronger hydrogen bonding
Why is the boiling point of aldehydes and ketones higher than their corresponding alkane
The aldehydes and ketones have greater LDFs, as they are larrger.
They are also polar and so have strong PD-PDs
Are small aldehydes and ketones very volatile
yes
Are ketones and aldehydes of lower molecular mass soluble in water? Why?
- yes they are
- carbonyl compunds can form hydrogen bonds with water molecuels meaning they are msicible in water
