oxidation, reduction amd redox Flashcards
(16 cards)
what does OILRIG stand for?
● oxidation is loss (of e-)
● reduction is gain (of e-)
is oxidation a decrease or increase in oxidation state?
inc
is reduction a decrease or increase in oxidation state?
dec
what do oxidation states do?
simplify processes of what’s being oxidised and what’s being reduced in redox reactions
what is the oxidation state of an uncombined element?
0
what is the sum of oxidation states of all atoms or ions in a neutral compound?
0
what is the usual oxidation state of a group 1 metal?
+1
what is the usual oxidation state of a group 2 metal?
+2
what is the usual oxidation state of oxygen?
-2
what is the usual oxidation state of hydrogen?
+1
what is the usual oxidation state of fluorine and chlorine?
-1
what is an oxidising agent?
● substance that can oxidise another substance (electron acceptor)
● what’s reduced
O xidising
A gent
T akes (e-)
what is an reducing agent
● substance that can reduce another substance
● what’s oxidised
R educing
A gent
D onates (e-)
what can you add to half equations to make it balance completely?
● electrons
● water
● hydrogen ions (unless reaction is taking place under alkaline conditions - add OH- instead)
what are the steps for half equations? (5)
● 1. write down the species before and after the reaction
● 2. balance any atoms apart from oxygen and hydrogen
● 3. balance any oxygens with H2O
● 4. balance any hydrogens with H+ ions
● 5. balance overall charge with electrons
how do you write an overall equation? (3)
● cancel out electrons (by balancing them - may have to multiple equation)
● and combine two equations
● NO electrons in final ionic equation
