Oxygenation

Question 1

Ventilation

Answer 1

Movement of gas in and out of the lungs

Question 2

Diffusion

Answer 2

Oxygen and CO2 exchange between alveoli and RBCs

Question 3

Perfusion

Answer 3

Distribution of oxygenated RBCs to the tissue in the body

Question 4

Hypercarbia

Answer 4

When CO2 increases in the bloodstream

Question 5

Lung volumes

Answer 5

Age, gender, height

Question 6

Tidal volume

Answer 6

Amount of air exhaled following normal inspiration

Question 7

Alveoli function

Answer 7

Promote gas exchange

Question 8

Bronchial

Answer 8

High pitch, normally heard of trachea

Question 9

Brochialvesicular

Answer 9

Medium pitch, heard over mainstream bronchi

Question 10

Vesicular

Answer 10

Low pitch, heard over most of normal lung

Question 11

Crackles/rales

Answer 11

Fine to coarse bubbly sounds, associated with air passing through fluid or collapsed small airways

Question 12

Wheezes

Answer 12

High pitched whistling, narrow obstructed airway

Question 13

Rhonchi

Answer 13

Low pitched rumbling, fluid to mucus in airways, can resolve with coughing

Question 14

Stridor

Answer 14

Choking, children

Question 15

Bradypnea

Answer 15

Rate of breathing is regular by abnormal slow

Question 16

Tachypnea

Answer 16

Rate of breathing is regular but abnormally rapid

Question 17

Hyperpnea

Answer 17

Respirations are labored, increased in depth, and increased in rate

Question 18

Apnea

Answer 18

Respirations cease for several seconds. Persistent cessation results in respiratory arrest

Question 19

Hyperventilation

Answer 19

Rate and depth or respirations increase, hypercarbia sometimes occurs

Question 20

Hypoventilation

Answer 20

Respiratory rate is abnormally low, and depth of ventilation is depressed, hypercarbia sometimes occurs

Question 21

Work of breathing

Answer 21

Efforts to explain and contract our lungs

Question 22

Hypovolemia

Answer 22

Decreased volume of circulating blood in the body

Question 23

Atelectasis

Answer 23

Collapsed alveoli

Question 24

Hypoxia

Answer 24

Inadequate tissue oxygenation

Question 25

Chronic hypoxia

Answer 25

Associated with chronic lung conditions

Question 26

Oxygen humidification

Answer 26

Prevent drying out of mucous membranes

Question 27

Complications of oxygen therapy

Answer 27

Drying effects of respiratory mucous membranes
Oxygen toxicity
Skin breakdown

Question 28

Venturi mask

Answer 28

Provides ability to deliver precise oxygen concentration with humidity
Not preferable for long periods

Question 29

Non-breather mask

Answer 29

Best for a patient in critical need of oxygen, steps before intubation
One way valve allows for client to inhale maximum O2 concentration, and two exhalation ports that restrict exhaled air from being rebreathed

Question 30

Partial rebreather mask

Answer 30

Used for short periods of Dyspnea or other increased oxygen needs

Question 31

Simple face mask

Answer 31

Best for short periods, transportation
Mot good for COPD
Higher risk of aspiration

Question 32

Nasal cannula

Answer 32

Safe and well tolerated
Use humidification if greater than 4L of flow

Question 33

Sputum culture and sensitivity

Answer 33

Obtained to identify a specific microorganism growing in sputum
Identifies drug resistance and sensitivities to determine appropriate antibiotic therapy