Oxygentation Flashcards

Question

Monitoring Airway Clearance

Answer 1

* Resp status + vs + O2 sat, breath sounds, cough closely * Positioning * DB&C + Incentive Spirometer * 2.5-3 L/day * Meds + O2 * Pulmonary Hygiene – percussion, vibration and postural drainage

Answer 2

* Positioning * Rest * Assess and document CP * Reassurance - trouble breathing can be anxiety provoking * Breathing + relaxation techniques * Distracting individual s

Answer 3

Percussion • Rhythmically clapping the chest wall with cupped hands. • Causes vibrations to loosen secretions Vibration • Helps loosen and move secretions into larger airways

Answer 4

gravity to remove secretions from a lung segment | • Certain positions may be contraindication of the patient

Answer 5

Assess for changes in HR, RR, dyspnea, diaphoresisor cyanosis with activity • Assist with ADL’s • Rest • Assistive devices - turning into better position • Emotional support/support persons

Answer 6

Immunization • Pneumoccocal (recommended for the elderly, children those with chronic health challenges) • Annual influenza (recommended for elderly, children those with chronic health challenges and health care providers) ABX - antibiotics Bronchodilators - can expand or open the airway Expectorants - can help breath up the mucus

Answer 7

1. Secretions • Increase work of breathing + air trapping in lungs 2. Walls edematous 3. Smooth airway muscle constricts 4. Lungs lose elasticity 5. Supportive tissue lost • Increase work of breathing + air trapping in lungs • Inhaled air mixes with trapped air – less oxygen for gas exchange. • Exemplars – COPD and Asthma • Give them SOB, cough, dyspnea • Got to work harder to breath

Answer 8

• COPD is the most rapidly growing health problem. • Inflammatory respiratory disease–chronic and progressive obstruction of airflow • Mostly with over lapping signs and symptoms of 2 distinct disease processes: Emphysema Chronic Bronchitis • #1 cause SMOKING • Asthma separate disorder but can coexist with COPD. •Biggest cause: SMOKING •COPD changes structure and function

Answer 9

manage and slow progression • Immunization • Inhaled bronchodilators–MDI, DPI or nebulized • Corticosteroids–decrease inflammation and edema • Cough suppressants and sedatives avoided • Antimicrobials(as appropriate) • Drugs for smoking cessation

Answer 10

Cascade • Deep breath and multiple coughs Huff • Inhale deep sharply say huff

Answer 11

Diaphragmatic breathing • Belly breathing • Breathing from the abdomen Pursed lip breathing • Blow out slowly through pursed lips Deep breathing and coughing • In through the nose out through the mouth

Answer 12

* Care needs to be exercised in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, such as emphysema, especially in those known to retain carbon dioxide. * These patients may further accumulate carbon dioxide and decreased their body pH. * In the worst case, administration of high levels of oxygenin patients with severe emphysema and high blood carbon dioxide may reduce respiratory drive to the point of respiratory failure (ie: drive to breath may be knocked out). * However, the risk of the loss of respiratory drive are far outweighed by the risks of withholding emergency oxygen, and therefore emergency administration of oxygen is never contraindicated. * Need to be careful with COPD when administering O2 - they usually have a standard order * Discontinue oxygen when the patient no longer requires it

Answer 13

* Ask * Advise * Assist * Arrange protocol

Answer 14

* Smaller nasopharynx – easily occluded * Long, floppy epiglottis, vulnerable to swelling--> obstruction * Larynx and glottis are higher in neck, increase risk of aspiration * Fewer muscles mature in airway --> less able to compensate for edema/trauma/spasm * Physically increase of infection

Answer 15

Under 6 use the diaphragm breathe b/c intercostal muscles immature

Answer 16

``` Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of: • Wheezing • Breathlessness • Chest tightness • Coughing ```

Answer 17

MDI • Meter dose inhaler • Prime it first by shaking it or rolling it in your hands - make sure it works • Exhale before you use the medication • Spacer or air chamber - breaks the medication down so it goes deep in your lungs - better cordination • Once you inhale - hold for around 10 secs then exhale slowly through pursed lips DPI • Dry powder inhaler • Spray directly into mouth • Rinse mouth after!! Peak Flow Meter • • Device that you blow into to get a reading of how rapidly you can exhale the air from your lungs. This is known as your "peak flow rate". • • A peak flow meter can be useful for getting an objective measure of the condition of your asthma - that is, you can assign a number to it. • • Using a peak flow meter can sometimes help you see that your asthma is starting to get out of control before you might even notice symptoms.

Answer 18

1. Sleep quietly and breathe normally. 2. Begin to snore loudly (airway is partly blocked). 3. Next, airway closes off. No air reaches lungs. Brain is telling to breathe as usual, but can’t take in a breath b/c airway has closed off (apnea). After a pause of 10-30 seconds or more, brain realizes not breathing, jolts awake to take a breath. Big gasp of air and start breathing again.

Answer 19

An abnormal condition characterized by the collapse of alveoli, preventing the respiratory exchange of CO2 and O2 in parts of the lung is called atelectasis • Spiramonitor

Answer 20

A catheter placed through the thorax to: • remove air and fluids from the pleural space • prevent air from re-entering • re-establish intrapleural and intrapulmonic pressures

Answer 21

Relieves a pleural effusion by inserting a needle into the pleural space to remove fluid

Oxygentation Flashcards

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